diff --git a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/LPSpongePlugin.java b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/LPSpongePlugin.java
index c450914ed..bf7e4d904 100644
--- a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/LPSpongePlugin.java
+++ b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/LPSpongePlugin.java
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public class LPSpongePlugin implements LuckPermsPlugin {
     private ConsecutiveExecutor consecutiveExecutor;
     private LuckPermsService service;
     private LocaleManager localeManager;
-    private ContextManager<Player> contextManager;
+    private ContextManager<Player> contextManager; // TODO convert this to use Subject instead of Player
 
     @Listener
     public void onEnable(GamePreInitializationEvent event) {
diff --git a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/SpongeListener.java b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/SpongeListener.java
index 7d5043da2..ca36dd8b7 100644
--- a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/SpongeListener.java
+++ b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/SpongeListener.java
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ public class SpongeListener extends AbstractListener {
         }
 
         final GameProfile p = e.getProfile();
-        onAsyncLogin(p.getUniqueId(), p.getName().get());
+        onAsyncLogin(p.getUniqueId(), p.getName().get()); // Load the user into LuckPerms
+        plugin.getService().getUserSubjects().load(p.getUniqueId()); // Load the user into the PermissionService
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@@ -57,12 +58,14 @@ public class SpongeListener extends AbstractListener {
         final GameProfile player = e.getProfile();
         final User user = plugin.getUserManager().get(plugin.getUuidCache().getUUID(player.getUniqueId()));
 
+        // Check if the user was loaded successfully.
         if (user == null) {
             e.setCancelled(true);
             e.setMessage(TextSerializers.LEGACY_FORMATTING_CODE.deserialize(Message.LOADING_ERROR.toString()));
             return;
         }
 
+        // Refresh permissions again
         user.refreshPermissions();
     }
 
diff --git a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/api/sponge/collections/UserCollection.java b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/api/sponge/collections/UserCollection.java
index 8fa442487..7a14f3563 100644
--- a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/api/sponge/collections/UserCollection.java
+++ b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/api/sponge/collections/UserCollection.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import lombok.NonNull;
 import me.lucko.luckperms.api.sponge.LuckPermsService;
 import me.lucko.luckperms.api.sponge.LuckPermsUserSubject;
 import me.lucko.luckperms.api.sponge.simple.SimpleCollection;
+import me.lucko.luckperms.commands.Util;
 import me.lucko.luckperms.users.User;
 import me.lucko.luckperms.users.UserIdentifier;
 import me.lucko.luckperms.users.UserManager;
@@ -42,6 +43,10 @@ import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
+/**
+ * Manages low level Subject instances for the PermissionService.
+ * Most calls are cached.
+ */
 public class UserCollection implements SubjectCollection {
     private final LuckPermsService service;
     private final UserManager manager;
@@ -61,34 +66,45 @@ public class UserCollection implements SubjectCollection {
         return PermissionService.SUBJECTS_USER;
     }
 
-    private void load(UUID uuid) {
+    /**
+     * Load a user into this manager
+     * @param uuid the external uuid of the user
+     */
+    public synchronized void load(UUID uuid) {
         UUID internal = service.getPlugin().getUuidCache().getUUID(uuid);
-        if (!manager.isLoaded(UserIdentifier.of(uuid, null))) {
-            return;
+        if (!manager.isLoaded(UserIdentifier.of(internal, null))) {
+            return; // Not loaded at a higher level
+        }
+
+        if (users.containsKey(internal)) {
+            return; // Already loaded
         }
 
         User user = manager.get(internal);
-        users.put(internal, LuckPermsUserSubject.wrapUser(user, service));
+        LuckPermsUserSubject subject = LuckPermsUserSubject.wrapUser(user, service);
+        subject.calculateActivePermissions(true); // Pre-process some of their permissions
+
+        users.put(internal, subject);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Unload a user from this manager
+     * @param uuid the internal uuid of the user
+     */
     public void unload(UUID uuid) {
-        users.remove(service.getPlugin().getUuidCache().getUUID(uuid));
+        users.remove(uuid);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public synchronized Subject get(@NonNull String id) {
-        try {
-            UUID u = service.getPlugin().getUuidCache().getUUID(UUID.fromString(id));
-            if (users.containsKey(u)) {
-                return users.get(u);
+    public Subject get(@NonNull String id) {
+        final UUID uuid = Util.parseUuid(id);
+        if (uuid != null) {
+            UUID internal = service.getPlugin().getUuidCache().getUUID(uuid);
+            if (users.containsKey(internal)) {
+                return users.get(internal);
             }
 
-            if (manager.isLoaded(UserIdentifier.of(u, null))) {
-                load(u);
-                return users.get(u);
-            }
-
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+        } else {
             for (LuckPermsUserSubject subject : users.values()) {
                 if (subject.getUser().getName().equals(id)) {
                     return subject;
@@ -100,20 +116,28 @@ public class UserCollection implements SubjectCollection {
             service.getPlugin().getLog().warn("Couldn't get user subject for: " + id);
         }
 
-        // What am I meant to do here? What if no user is loaded? Load it? Create it?
-        // If I do load/create it, this method should always be called async??.... errr.
+        // Fallback to the other collection. This Subject instance will never be persisted.
         return fallback.get(id);
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean hasRegistered(@NonNull String id) {
-        try {
-            UUID u = UUID.fromString(id);
-            return manager.isLoaded(UserIdentifier.of(service.getPlugin().getUuidCache().getUUID(u), null));
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-            User user = manager.get(id);
-            return user != null;
+        final UUID uuid = Util.parseUuid(id);
+        if (uuid != null) {
+            UUID internal = service.getPlugin().getUuidCache().getUUID(uuid);
+            if (users.containsKey(internal)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+        } else {
+            for (LuckPermsUserSubject subject : users.values()) {
+                if (subject.getUser().getName().equals(id)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
         }
+
+        return false;
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/users/SpongeUserManager.java b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/users/SpongeUserManager.java
index 8b425e748..524dcd4a7 100644
--- a/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/users/SpongeUserManager.java
+++ b/sponge/src/main/java/me/lucko/luckperms/users/SpongeUserManager.java
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ import me.lucko.luckperms.api.context.ContextListener;
 import org.spongepowered.api.entity.living.player.Player;
 
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.UUID;
 
 public class SpongeUserManager extends UserManager implements ContextListener<Player> {
     private final LPSpongePlugin plugin;
@@ -67,11 +66,6 @@ public class SpongeUserManager extends UserManager implements ContextListener<Pl
 
     @Override
     public void onContextChange(Player subject, Map.Entry<String, String> before, Map.Entry<String, String> current) throws Exception {
-        UUID internal = plugin.getUuidCache().getUUID(subject.getUniqueId());
-
-        User user = get(internal);
-        if (user != null) {
-            plugin.doAsync(user::refreshPermissions);
-        }
+        // Not needed on Sponge. The context is accumulated on each permission check.
     }
 }