WordPress/wp-includes/blocks/calendar.php

<?php
/**
 * Server-side rendering of the `core/calendar` block.
 *
 * @package WordPress
 */

/**
 * Renders the `core/calendar` block on server.
 *
 * @param array $attributes The block attributes.
 *
 * @return string Returns the block content.
 */
function render_block_core_calendar( $attributes ) {
	global $monthnum, $year;

	$previous_monthnum = $monthnum;
	$previous_year     = $year;

	if ( isset( $attributes['month'] ) && isset( $attributes['year'] ) ) {
		$permalink_structure = get_option( 'permalink_structure' );
		if (
			strpos( $permalink_structure, '%monthnum%' ) !== false &&
			strpos( $permalink_structure, '%year%' ) !== false
		) {
			// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.GlobalVariablesOverride.OverrideProhibited
			$monthnum = $attributes['month'];
			// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.GlobalVariablesOverride.OverrideProhibited
			$year = $attributes['year'];
		}
	}

	$output = sprintf(
		'<div>%1$s</div>',
		get_calendar( true, false )
	);

	// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.GlobalVariablesOverride.OverrideProhibited
	$monthnum = $previous_monthnum;
	// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.GlobalVariablesOverride.OverrideProhibited
	$year = $previous_year;

	return $output;
}

/**
 * Registers the `core/calendar` block on server.
 */
function register_block_core_calendar() {
	register_block_type_from_metadata(
		__DIR__ . '/calendar',
		array(
			'render_callback' => 'render_block_core_calendar',
		)
	);
}

add_action( 'init', 'register_block_core_calendar' );