diff --git a/wp-activate.php b/wp-activate.php
index 65a07d00b9..ff71779036 100644
--- a/wp-activate.php
+++ b/wp-activate.php
@@ -114,7 +114,8 @@ function wpmu_activate_stylesheet() {
 	<?php
 }
 add_action( 'wp_head', 'wpmu_activate_stylesheet' );
-add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_sensitive_page_meta' );
+add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_strict_cross_origin_referrer' );
+add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_sensitive_page' );
 
 get_header( 'wp-activate' );
 
diff --git a/wp-includes/class-wp-customize-manager.php b/wp-includes/class-wp-customize-manager.php
index ff433fe5db..af0efb1a62 100644
--- a/wp-includes/class-wp-customize-manager.php
+++ b/wp-includes/class-wp-customize-manager.php
@@ -1900,7 +1900,7 @@ final class WP_Customize_Manager {
 			nocache_headers();
 			header( 'X-Robots: noindex, nofollow, noarchive' );
 		}
-		add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_no_robots' );
+		add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_no_robots' );
 		add_filter( 'wp_headers', array( $this, 'filter_iframe_security_headers' ) );
 
 		/*
diff --git a/wp-includes/default-filters.php b/wp-includes/default-filters.php
index 334a12a929..aeb0aec8bc 100644
--- a/wp-includes/default-filters.php
+++ b/wp-includes/default-filters.php
@@ -231,6 +231,9 @@ add_filter( 'the_guid', 'esc_url' );
 // Email filters.
 add_filter( 'wp_mail', 'wp_staticize_emoji_for_email' );
 
+// Robots filters.
+add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_noindex' );
+
 // Mark site as no longer fresh.
 foreach ( array( 'publish_post', 'publish_page', 'wp_ajax_save-widget', 'wp_ajax_widgets-order', 'customize_save_after' ) as $action ) {
 	add_action( $action, '_delete_option_fresh_site', 0 );
@@ -291,7 +294,7 @@ add_action( 'wp_head', 'rsd_link' );
 add_action( 'wp_head', 'wlwmanifest_link' );
 add_action( 'wp_head', 'locale_stylesheet' );
 add_action( 'publish_future_post', 'check_and_publish_future_post', 10, 1 );
-add_action( 'wp_head', 'noindex', 1 );
+add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_robots', 1 );
 add_action( 'wp_head', 'print_emoji_detection_script', 7 );
 add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_print_styles', 8 );
 add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_print_head_scripts', 9 );
@@ -311,10 +314,11 @@ add_action( 'after_switch_theme', '_wp_sidebars_changed' );
 add_action( 'wp_print_styles', 'print_emoji_styles' );
 
 if ( isset( $_GET['replytocom'] ) ) {
-	add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_no_robots' );
+	add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_no_robots' );
 }
 
 // Login actions.
+add_action( 'login_head', 'wp_robots', 1 );
 add_filter( 'login_head', 'wp_resource_hints', 8 );
 add_action( 'login_head', 'wp_print_head_scripts', 9 );
 add_action( 'login_head', 'print_admin_styles', 9 );
@@ -585,7 +589,7 @@ add_action( 'embed_head', 'print_emoji_detection_script' );
 add_action( 'embed_head', 'print_embed_styles' );
 add_action( 'embed_head', 'wp_print_head_scripts', 20 );
 add_action( 'embed_head', 'wp_print_styles', 20 );
-add_action( 'embed_head', 'wp_no_robots' );
+add_action( 'embed_head', 'wp_robots' );
 add_action( 'embed_head', 'rel_canonical' );
 add_action( 'embed_head', 'locale_stylesheet', 30 );
 
@@ -596,6 +600,7 @@ add_action( 'embed_footer', 'print_embed_sharing_dialog' );
 add_action( 'embed_footer', 'print_embed_scripts' );
 add_action( 'embed_footer', 'wp_print_footer_scripts', 20 );
 
+add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_embed_no_robots' );
 add_filter( 'excerpt_more', 'wp_embed_excerpt_more', 20 );
 add_filter( 'the_excerpt_embed', 'wptexturize' );
 add_filter( 'the_excerpt_embed', 'convert_chars' );
diff --git a/wp-includes/deprecated.php b/wp-includes/deprecated.php
index 09d82f872f..90a2696c25 100644
--- a/wp-includes/deprecated.php
+++ b/wp-includes/deprecated.php
@@ -4135,3 +4135,71 @@ function wp_slash_strings_only( $value ) {
 function addslashes_strings_only( $value ) {
 	return is_string( $value ) ? addslashes( $value ) : $value;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Displays a noindex meta tag if required by the blog configuration.
+ *
+ * If a blog is marked as not being public then the noindex meta tag will be
+ * output to tell web robots not to index the page content. Add this to the
+ * {@see 'wp_head'} action.
+ *
+ * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_head'} callback:
+ *
+ *     add_action( 'wp_head', 'noindex' );
+ *
+ * @see wp_no_robots()
+ *
+ * @since 2.1.0
+ * @deprecated 5.7.0 Use wp_robots_noindex() instead on 'wp_robots' filter.
+ */
+function noindex() {
+	_deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '5.7.0', 'wp_robots_noindex()' );
+
+	// If the blog is not public, tell robots to go away.
+	if ( '0' == get_option( 'blog_public' ) ) {
+		wp_no_robots();
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Display a noindex meta tag.
+ *
+ * Outputs a noindex meta tag that tells web robots not to index the page content.
+ * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_head'} callback. add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_no_robots' );
+ *
+ * @since 3.3.0
+ * @since 5.3.0 Echo "noindex,nofollow" if search engine visibility is discouraged.
+ * @deprecated 5.7.0 Use wp_robots_no_robots() instead on 'wp_robots' filter.
+ */
+function wp_no_robots() {
+	_deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '5.7.0', 'wp_robots_no_robots()' );
+
+	if ( get_option( 'blog_public' ) ) {
+		echo "<meta name='robots' content='noindex,follow' />\n";
+		return;
+	}
+
+	echo "<meta name='robots' content='noindex,nofollow' />\n";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Display a noindex,noarchive meta tag and referrer origin-when-cross-origin meta tag.
+ *
+ * Outputs a noindex,noarchive meta tag that tells web robots not to index or cache the page content.
+ * Outputs a referrer origin-when-cross-origin meta tag that tells the browser not to send the full
+ * url as a referrer to other sites when cross-origin assets are loaded.
+ *
+ * Typical usage is as a wp_head callback. add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_sensitive_page_meta' );
+ *
+ * @since 5.0.1
+ * @deprecated 5.7.0 Use wp_robots_sensitive_page() instead on 'wp_robots' filter
+ *                   and wp_strict_cross_origin_referrer() on 'wp_head' action.
+ */
+function wp_sensitive_page_meta() {
+	_deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '5.7.0', 'wp_robots_sensitive_page()' );
+
+	?>
+	<meta name='robots' content='noindex,noarchive' />
+	<?php
+	wp_strict_cross_origin_referrer();
+}
diff --git a/wp-includes/embed.php b/wp-includes/embed.php
index 5a86affdfe..2cfe329231 100644
--- a/wp-includes/embed.php
+++ b/wp-includes/embed.php
@@ -1246,3 +1246,23 @@ function wp_filter_pre_oembed_result( $result, $url, $args ) {
 
 	return $result;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Adds noindex to the robots meta tag for embeds.
+ *
+ * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_robots'} callback:
+ *
+ *     add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_embed_no_robots' );
+ *
+ * @since 5.7.0
+ *
+ * @param array $robots Associative array of robots directives.
+ * @return array Filtered robots directives.
+ */
+function wp_embed_no_robots( array $robots ) {
+	if ( ! is_embed() ) {
+		return $robots;
+	}
+
+	return wp_robots_no_robots( $robots );
+}
diff --git a/wp-includes/functions.php b/wp-includes/functions.php
index eb4c4b6961..a344af10a4 100644
--- a/wp-includes/functions.php
+++ b/wp-includes/functions.php
@@ -1640,7 +1640,8 @@ function do_feed_atom( $for_comments ) {
  *
  * @since 2.1.0
  * @since 5.3.0 Remove the "Disallow: /" output if search engine visiblity is
- *              discouraged in favor of robots meta HTML tag in wp_no_robots().
+ *              discouraged in favor of robots meta HTML tag via wp_robots_no_robots()
+ *              filter callback.
  */
 function do_robots() {
 	header( 'Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8' );
@@ -3491,8 +3492,9 @@ function _default_wp_die_handler( $message, $title = '', $args = array() ) {
 	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=<?php echo $parsed_args['charset']; ?>" />
 	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
 		<?php
-		if ( function_exists( 'wp_no_robots' ) ) {
-			wp_no_robots();
+		if ( function_exists( 'wp_robots' ) && function_exists( 'wp_robots_no_robots' ) && function_exists( 'add_filter' ) ) {
+			add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_no_robots' );
+			wp_robots();
 		}
 		?>
 	<title><?php echo $title; ?></title>
diff --git a/wp-includes/general-template.php b/wp-includes/general-template.php
index 2fbfc4c3c2..e2833129b0 100644
--- a/wp-includes/general-template.php
+++ b/wp-includes/general-template.php
@@ -3191,59 +3191,17 @@ function wlwmanifest_link() {
 }
 
 /**
- * Displays a noindex meta tag if required by the blog configuration.
+ * Displays a referrer strict-origin-when-cross-origin meta tag.
  *
- * If a blog is marked as not being public then the noindex meta tag will be
- * output to tell web robots not to index the page content. Add this to the
- * {@see 'wp_head'} action.
- *
- * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_head'} callback:
- *
- *     add_action( 'wp_head', 'noindex' );
- *
- * @see wp_no_robots()
- *
- * @since 2.1.0
- */
-function noindex() {
-	// If the blog is not public, tell robots to go away.
-	if ( '0' == get_option( 'blog_public' ) ) {
-		wp_no_robots();
-	}
-}
-
-/**
- * Display a noindex meta tag.
- *
- * Outputs a noindex meta tag that tells web robots not to index the page content.
- * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_head'} callback. add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_no_robots' );
- *
- * @since 3.3.0
- * @since 5.3.0 Echo "noindex,nofollow" if search engine visibility is discouraged.
- */
-function wp_no_robots() {
-	if ( get_option( 'blog_public' ) ) {
-		echo "<meta name='robots' content='noindex,follow' />\n";
-		return;
-	}
-
-	echo "<meta name='robots' content='noindex,nofollow' />\n";
-}
-
-/**
- * Display a noindex,noarchive meta tag and referrer origin-when-cross-origin meta tag.
- *
- * Outputs a noindex,noarchive meta tag that tells web robots not to index or cache the page content.
  * Outputs a referrer origin-when-cross-origin meta tag that tells the browser not to send the full
  * url as a referrer to other sites when cross-origin assets are loaded.
  *
- * Typical usage is as a wp_head callback. add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_sensitive_page_meta' );
+ * Typical usage is as a wp_head callback. add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_strict_cross_origin_referrer' );
  *
- * @since 5.0.1
+ * @since 5.7.0
  */
-function wp_sensitive_page_meta() {
+function wp_strict_cross_origin_referrer() {
 	?>
-	<meta name='robots' content='noindex,noarchive' />
 	<meta name='referrer' content='strict-origin-when-cross-origin' />
 	<?php
 }
diff --git a/wp-includes/robots-template.php b/wp-includes/robots-template.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b9292c975
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wp-includes/robots-template.php
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Robots template functions.
+ *
+ * @package WordPress
+ * @subpackage Robots
+ * @since 5.7.0
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Displays the robots meta tag as necessary.
+ *
+ * Gathers robots directives to include for the current context, using the
+ * {@see 'wp_robots'} filter. The directives are then sanitized, and the
+ * robots meta tag is output if there is at least one relevant directive.
+ *
+ * @since 5.7.0
+ */
+function wp_robots() {
+	/**
+	 * Filters the directives to be included in the 'robots' meta tag.
+	 *
+	 * The meta tag will only be included as necessary.
+	 *
+	 * @since 5.7.0
+	 *
+	 * @param array $robots Associative array of directives. Every key must be the name of the directive, and the
+	 *                      corresponding value must either be a string to provide as value for the directive or a
+	 *                      boolean `true` if it is a boolean directive, i.e. without a value.
+	 */
+	$robots = apply_filters( 'wp_robots', array() );
+
+	// Don't allow mutually exclusive directives.
+	if ( ! empty( $robots['follow'] ) ) {
+		unset( $robots['nofollow'] );
+	}
+	if ( ! empty( $robots['nofollow'] ) ) {
+		unset( $robots['follow'] );
+	}
+	if ( ! empty( $robots['archive'] ) ) {
+		unset( $robots['noarchive'] );
+	}
+	if ( ! empty( $robots['noarchive'] ) ) {
+		unset( $robots['archive'] );
+	}
+
+	$robots_strings = array();
+	foreach ( $robots as $directive => $value ) {
+		if ( is_string( $value ) ) {
+			// If a string value, include it as value for the directive.
+			$robots_strings[] = "{$directive}:{$value}";
+		} elseif ( $value ) {
+			// Otherwise, include the directive if it is truthy.
+			$robots_strings[] = $directive;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ( empty( $robots_strings ) ) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	echo "<meta name='robots' content='" . esc_attr( implode( ', ', $robots_strings ) ) . "' />\n";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds noindex to the robots meta tag if required by the site configuration.
+ *
+ * If a blog is marked as not being public then noindex will be output to
+ * tell web robots not to index the page content. Add this to the
+ * {@see 'wp_robots'} filter.
+ *
+ * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_robots'} callback:
+ *
+ *     add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_noindex' );
+ *
+ * @since 5.7.0
+ * @see wp_robots_no_robots()
+ *
+ * @param array $robots Associative array of robots directives.
+ * @return array Filtered robots directives.
+ */
+function wp_robots_noindex( array $robots ) {
+	if ( ! get_option( 'blog_public' ) ) {
+		return wp_robots_no_robots( $robots );
+	}
+
+	return $robots;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds noindex to the robots meta tag.
+ *
+ * This directive tells web robots not to index the page content.
+ *
+ * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_robots'} callback:
+ *
+ *     add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_no_robots' );
+ *
+ * @since 5.7.0
+ *
+ * @param array $robots Associative array of robots directives.
+ * @return array Filtered robots directives.
+ */
+function wp_robots_no_robots( array $robots ) {
+	$robots['noindex'] = true;
+
+	if ( get_option( 'blog_public' ) ) {
+		$robots['follow'] = true;
+	} else {
+		$robots['nofollow'] = true;
+	}
+
+	return $robots;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds noindex and noarchive to the robots meta tag.
+ *
+ * This directive tells web robots not to index or archive the page content and
+ * is recommended to be used for sensitive pages.
+ *
+ * Typical usage is as a {@see 'wp_robots'} callback:
+ *
+ *     add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_sensitive_page' );
+ *
+ * @since 5.7.0
+ *
+ * @param array $robots Associative array of robots directives.
+ * @return array Filtered robots directives.
+ */
+function wp_robots_sensitive_page( array $robots ) {
+	$robots['noindex']   = true;
+	$robots['noarchive'] = true;
+	return $robots;
+}
diff --git a/wp-includes/version.php b/wp-includes/version.php
index 3ca70b52e1..190b5c5803 100644
--- a/wp-includes/version.php
+++ b/wp-includes/version.php
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
  *
  * @global string $wp_version
  */
-$wp_version = '5.7-alpha-49991';
+$wp_version = '5.7-alpha-49992';
 
 /**
  * Holds the WordPress DB revision, increments when changes are made to the WordPress DB schema.
diff --git a/wp-login.php b/wp-login.php
index 700901f857..915020f717 100644
--- a/wp-login.php
+++ b/wp-login.php
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ function login_header( $title = 'Log In', $message = '', $wp_error = null ) {
 	global $error, $interim_login, $action;
 
 	// Don't index any of these forms.
-	add_action( 'login_head', 'wp_sensitive_page_meta' );
+	add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_sensitive_page' );
+	add_action( 'login_head', 'wp_strict_cross_origin_referrer' );
 
 	add_action( 'login_head', 'wp_login_viewport_meta' );
 
diff --git a/wp-settings.php b/wp-settings.php
index 63c59c6cef..c5c3a56ee9 100644
--- a/wp-settings.php
+++ b/wp-settings.php
@@ -181,6 +181,7 @@ require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-wp-metadata-lazyloader.php';
 require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/general-template.php';
 require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/link-template.php';
 require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/author-template.php';
+require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/robots-template.php';
 require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/post.php';
 require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-walker-page.php';
 require ABSPATH . WPINC . '/class-walker-page-dropdown.php';
diff --git a/wp-signup.php b/wp-signup.php
index 8dacd322b1..8ac5004e0e 100644
--- a/wp-signup.php
+++ b/wp-signup.php
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 /** Sets up the WordPress Environment. */
 require __DIR__ . '/wp-load.php';
 
-add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_no_robots' );
+add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_no_robots' );
 
 require __DIR__ . '/wp-blog-header.php';