Add TMP1075 temperature sensor documentation (#2895)

See https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/4776 for the PR that adds
this sensor to ESPHome.

components/sensor/tmp1075.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+TMP1075 Temperature Sensor
+==========================
+
+.. seo::
+    :description: Instructions for setting up the TMP1075 Temperature sensor.
+    :image: tmp1075.jpg
+    :keywords: TMP1075
+
+The TMP1075 Temperature sensor allows you to use your TMP1075
+(`datasheet <https://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/tmp1075>`__)
+sensors with ESPHome.
+
+.. figure:: images/tmp1075.jpg
+    :align: center
+    :width: 30.0%
+
+    TMP1075 Temperature Sensor.
+    (Credit: `Texas Instruments <https://www.ti.com/content/dam/ticom/images/products/ic/sensing-products/chips/tmp1075-technical-chip-shot.png>`__, image cropped and compressed)
+
+The TMP1075 is a high precision temperature sensor that communicates over I²C.
+Each sensor is tested on a NIST tracable test setup during Texas Instruments'
+production process. Accuracy is typically ±0.25°C across the -55°C to +125°C
+range, with a maximum error of ±2°C in that same range and ±1°C in the -40°C to
++110°C range.
+
+To use the sensor, first set up an :ref:`I²C Bus <i2c>` and connect the sensor
+to the specified pins.
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    # Example configuration entry
+    sensor:
+      - platform: tmp1075
+        name: "Temperature TMP1075"
+        update_interval: 10s
+        i2c_id: i2c_bus
+        conversion_rate: 27.5ms
+        alert:
+          function: comparator
+          polarity: active_high
+          limit_low: 50
+          limit_high: 75
+          fault_count: 1
+
+Configuration variables:
+------------------------
+
+- **name** (**Required**, string): The name for the temperature sensor.
+- **id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Set the ID of this sensor for lambdas/multiple sensors.
+- **address** (*Optional*, int): The I²C address of the sensor.
+  See :ref:`I²C Addresses <tmp1075_i2c_addresses>` for more information. Defaults to ``0x48``.
+- **update_interval** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-time`): The interval to check
+  the sensor temperature. Defaults to ``60s``.
+- **conversion_rate** (*Optional*): The interval at which the IC performs a
+  temperature measurement. This setting also determines how fast the alert pin
+  responds to temperature changes, and is thus independent of how often ESPHome
+  checks the sensor. Possible values are ``27.5ms``, ``55ms``, ``110ms``, and
+  ``220ms``. Defaults to ``27.5ms``.
+- **alert** (*Optional*): Configure the alert pin behaviour.
+    - **function** (*Optional*, enum): Function of the alert pin, either ``comparator`` or ``interrupt``. Defaults to ``comparator``.
+    - **polarity** (*Optional*, enum): Polarity of the alert pin, either ``active_high`` or ``active_low``. Defaults to ``active_high``.
+    - **limit_low** (*Optional*, int): Lower temperature limit, in °C. Defaults to ``-128`` (the lowest possible limit value).
+    - **limit_high** (*Optional*, int): Higher temperature limit, in °C. Defaults to ``127.9375`` (the highest possible limit value).
+    - **fault_count** (*Optional*, int): Number of measurements. required for the alert pin to act. Must be between ``1`` and ``4``, inclusive. Defaults to ``1``.
+
+.. _tmp1075_i2c_addresses:
+
+I²C Addresses
+-------------
+
+In order to allow multiple sensors to be connected to the same I²C bus, the
+creators of this sensor hardware have included some options to change the I²C
+address. Three address pins can be connected to GND, VCC, SDA, or SCL, creating
+32 possible addresses. See section 9.3.2.2 of the `datasheet
+<https://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/tmp1075>`__ for the mapping table.
+
+When all address pins are connected to GND, the address is ``0x48``, which is
+the default address for this sesnsor component.

index.rst

@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ Environmental
     TEE501, components/sensor/tee501, TEE501.png, Temperature
     TMP102, components/sensor/tmp102, tmp102.jpg, Temperature
     TMP117, components/sensor/tmp117, tmp117.jpg, Temperature
+    TMP1075, components/sensor/tmp1075, tmp1075.jpg, Temperature
     HYT271, components/sensor/hyt271, hyt271.jpg, Temperature & Humidity