Add docs for Grove Multichannel Gas Sensor V2 (#2598)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <3060199+jesserockz@users.noreply.github.com>

components/sensor/grove_gas_mc_v2.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+Grove Multichannel Gas Sensor V2
+================================================
+
+.. seo::
+    :description: Instructions for setting up Grove Multichannel Gas Sensor V2 that
+      can measure Nitrogen Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Ethanol and Volatile Organic
+      Compounds.
+    :image: grove-gas-mc-v2.png
+    :keywords: Grove, gm102b, gm302b, gm502b, gm702b
+
+The ``grove_gas_mc_v2`` sensor platform allows you to use your `Grove Multichannel Gas
+Sensor V2 <https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/Grove-Multichannel-Gas-Sensor-V2>`__ 
+with ESPHome. It exposes 4 different gas sensors for qualitatively measuring
+Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ethanol (C2H5OH), and Volatile Organic
+Compounds (VOCs).
+
+.. note::
+
+    The Grove Multichannel Gas Sensor V2 is a qualitative, not quantitative, sensor.
+    This means values reported back are raw ADC values. Values are **not** in a common unit
+    of measurement, such as PPM (parts per million). If you have known baseline readings
+    for any of the gases, :ref:`sensor-filters` could be used to calibrate the raw readings.
+    
+.. figure:: /images/grove-gas-mc-v2.png
+    :align: center
+    :width: 50.0%
+
+    Grove Multichannel Gas Sensor V2
+
+The communication with this sensor is done via :ref:`I²C Bus <i2c>`, so you need to have
+an ``i2c:`` section in your config for this integration to work.
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    sensor:
+      - platform: grove_gas_mc_v2
+        no2:
+          name: "Nitrogen Dioxide"
+        ethanol:
+          name: "Ethanol"
+        carbon_monoxide:
+          name: "Carbon Monoxide"
+        tvoc:
+          name: "Volatile Organic Compounds"
+
+Configuration variables:
+------------------------
+
+- **no2** (**Required**): The Nitrogen Dioxide sensor data.
+  All options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+- **ethanol** (**Required**): The Ethanol (C2H5OH) sensor data.
+  All options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+- **carbon_monoxide** (**Required**): The Carbon Monoxide sensor data.
+  All options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+- **tvoc** (**Required**): The Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) sensor data.
+  All options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+
+- **update_interval** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-time`): The interval to check the
+  sensor. Defaults to ``60s``.
+
+Advanced:
+
+- **address** (*Optional*, int): The :ref:`I²C <i2c>` address of the sensor.
+  Defaults to ``0x08``
+
+.. _grove-gas-mc-v2-preheating:
+
+Preheating
+--------------------
+
+If the sensor is stored for a long period of time (without power) there is a recommended
+minimum warm-up time required for the sensor before the readings settle down and become
+more accurate.
+
+A recommended warm-up time of 24 hours is recommend if the sensor has been stored
+less than a month, 48 hours for 1-6 months and at least 72 hours for anything longer
+than 6 months.
+
+See Also
+--------
+
+- :ref:`sensor-filters`
+- `Grove Multichannel V2 Library <https://github.com/Seeed-Studio/Seeed_Arduino_MultiGas>`__
+- :apiref:`grove_gas_mc_v2/grove_gas_mc_v2.h`
+- :ghedit:`Edit`

index.rst

@@ -321,6 +321,7 @@ Air Quality
     ENS160, components/sensor/ens160, ens160.jpg, CO2 & Air Quality
     GCJA5, components/sensor/gcja5, gcja5.svg, Particulate
     GP2Y1010AU0F, components/sensor/gp2y1010au0f, gp2y1010au0f.png, Particulate
+    Grove Multichannel Gas V2, components/sensor/grove_gas_mc_v2, grove-gas-mc-v2.png, NO2 & CO & Ethanol & Volatile organics
     HM3301, components/sensor/hm3301, hm3301.jpg, Particulate
     iAQ-Core, components/sensor/iaqcore, iaqcore.jpg, CO2 & Volatile organics
     MH-Z19, components/sensor/mhz19, mhz19.jpg, CO2 & Temperature