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Eugen Scobich
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Stm32 Port Expander
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=====================
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.. seo::
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:description: Instructions on using an STM32F103 board, like the BluePill for expanding ports of an ESPHome node
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:image: stm32_logo.svg
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:keywords: STM32 port expander extender ESPHome
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With this sketch you can control pins of a remote STM32 board through ESPHome. The STM32 acts as a port
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expander, allowing you to use more pins than a standard ESP8266/ESP32 has.
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.. figure:: images/stm32f103.jpg
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:align: center
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:width: 75.0%
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The STM32 is connected to the ESP via I²C.
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Currently it is supported:
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- reading digital inputs (0/1)
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- reading analog inputs (0/255)
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- writing digital outputs (0/1)
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- writing analog outputs (0/255)
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The STM32 project can be retrieved from `here <https://github.com/eugenscobich/stm32-port-expander>`__.
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You will need STM32CubeIDE to change and build it.
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The project if made to extand 10 ports for AC dimmable output, 15 digiat inputs, 2 analog outputs and one anolog input to configure temperature treshhold.
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You need to download `stm32_port_expander.h <https://github.com/eugenscobich/stm32-port-expander/blob/main/esp_home/stm32_port_expander.h>`__
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and include the stm32_port_expander.h in the ESPHome configuration.
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Schematics and PCB can be found `here <https://oshwlab.com/eugenscobich/esphome-8-channel-dimmer>`__.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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esphome:
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# ...
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includes:
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- stm32_port_expander.h
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Setup your :ref:`I²C Bus <i2c>` and assign it an ``id``:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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i2c:
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id: i2c_component
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frequency: 400kHz
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By default ESP8266 uses ``SDA`` pin ``GPIO4`` which you need to connect to STM32F103's ``PB7`` and the ``SCL``
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is ``GPIO5`` which goes to Arduino's ``PB6``.
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STM32F103 can operate at maximum 400kHz and the framework was optimized to work on this speed.
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Then create a ``custom_component``, this will be the main component we will be referencing later when creating
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individual IOs.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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custom_component:
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- id: stm32_port_expander_1
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lambda: |-
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auto expander = new Stm32PortExpander(i2c_component, 0x08, 40);
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return {expander};
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By default the I²C address is ``0x08`` but you can change it on the STM32 Cube so you can have more devices
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on the same bus.
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Now it is time to add the ports.
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Binary Sensor
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-------------
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This project is inspired by Arduino Port Expander and configuration are pretty much the same.
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Pin numbers must be in sync between ESPHome config and STM32 frameware.
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To setup binary sensors, create a custom platform as below, list in braces all the sensors you want,
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in the example below two binary sensors are declared on pin 11 and 12, that correspond to PB15 and PA12 respectively.
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Then declare the ESPHome reference of the binary sensor in the same order as declared in the lambda:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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- platform: custom
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lambda: |-
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return {stm32_port_expander_binary_sensor(stm32_port_expander_1, 11),
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stm32_port_expander_binary_sensor(stm32_port_expander_1, 12)};
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binary_sensors:
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- id: binary_sensor_pin_11
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name: Binary Sensor Pin 11
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filters:
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- invert:
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- id: binary_sensor_pin_12
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name: Binary Sensor Pin 12
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filters:
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- invert:
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The listed ``binary_sensors`` supports all options from :ref:`Binary Sensor <config-binary_sensor>` like
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automations and filters.
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Sensor
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------
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Sensors allows for reading the analog value of an analog pin. In this example an internal temperauture sensor is used via DMA.
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Then declare the ESPHome reference of the sensor in the same order as declared in the lambda:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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- platform: custom
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lambda: |-
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return {stm32_port_expander_analog_sensor(stm32_port_expander_1, 0)};
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sensors:
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- id: analog_sensor_pin_0
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name: Dimmer module temperature
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filters:
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- throttle: 10s
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unit_of_measurement: "°C"
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device_class : temperature
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state_class: measurement
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The listed ``sensors`` supports all options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>` like
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automations and filters.
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.. note::
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Sensors are polled by default every loop cycle so it is recommended to use the ``throttle`` filter
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to not flood the network.
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Binary Output
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-------------
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To setup outputs, create a custom platform as below, list in braces all the outputs you want,
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in the example below two outputs are declared on pin ``1`` and ``28``.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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- platform: custom
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type: float
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lambda: |-
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return {stm32_port_expander_binary_output(stm32_port_expander_1, 29),
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stm32_port_expander_binary_output(stm32_port_expander_1, 30)};
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outputs:
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- id: binary_output_pin_29
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inverted: true
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- id: binary_output_pin_30
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Float Output
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------------
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To setup outputs, create a custom platform as below, list in braces all the outputs you want,
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in the example below two outputs are declared on pin ``1`` and ``28``. ``28`` is not an real
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output pin and it is used to set the temperature treshold when epander must go in error state and reset all outputs.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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- platform: custom
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type: float
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lambda: |-
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return {stm32_port_expander_float_output(stm32_port_expander_1, 1),
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stm32_port_expander_float_output(stm32_port_expander_1, 28)};
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outputs:
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- id: float_output_pin_1
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- id: float_output_pin_28
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min_power: 0.25
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max_power: 0.60
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light:
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- id: dimmerized_light_1
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platform: monochromatic
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output: float_output_pin_1
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name: Dimmerized Light Pin 1
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gamma_correct: 0
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- id: dimmerized_light_28
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platform: monochromatic
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output: float_output_pin_28
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name: Dimmer module temperature limit
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gamma_correct: 0
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See Also
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--------
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- :doc:`/cookbook/arduino_port_extender`
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- :ghedit:`Edit`
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@ -1043,6 +1043,7 @@ Cookbook
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Non-Invasive Power Meter, cookbook/power_meter, power_meter.jpg
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Sonoff Fishpond Pump, cookbook/sonoff-fishpond-pump, cookbook-sonoff-fishpond-pump.jpg
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Arduino Port Extender, cookbook/arduino_port_extender, arduino_logo.svg
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STM32 Port Extender, cookbook/stm32_port_extender, stm32_logo.svg
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EHMTX a matrix status/text display, cookbook/ehmtx, ehmtx.jpg
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Share data directly between ESPHome nodes, cookbook/http_request_sensor, connection.svg, dark-invert
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