Added TX20/TX23 sensor documentation (#150)

* Added TX20/TX23 sensor documentation

* Update tx20.rst

* updated documentation to new structure for tx20

* added missing files

* fixed missing newline

* fixed/updated documentation

components/sensor/tx20.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+Tx20/Tx23 Wind Speed/Direction Sensor
+=====================================
+
+.. seo::
+    :description: Instructions for setting up Tx20/Tx23 wind speed and direction sensors
+    :image: images/tx20.jpg
+    :keywords: Tx20
+
+The ``tx20`` sensor platform allows you to use your Tx20/Tx23
+(`Amazon`_,
+`lacrosse_tx23`_) 
+wind direction and speed sensors with ESPHome. 
+The only required pin is the black or brown cable (which is used to transmit data.)
+The red cable should be connected to VCC (3.3V), green initiates the data transfer when connected to GND
+and should therefore be directly connected to GND and the yellow cable should be always connected to ground.
+The difference from the Tx20 to the Tx23 seems to be that the green cable does not matter anymore and the
+wind sensor is just sending a datagram every 2 seconds - pretty much the same as when the green cable was
+connected to GND in the Tx20.
+
+.. figure:: images/tx20.jpg
+    :align: center
+    :width: 50.0%
+
+    Tx20 / Tx23 Wind Speed / Direction.
+
+.. _Amazon: https://www.amazon.de/Technoline-Tx-20/dp/B01HXZ3KLA
+.. _lacrosse_tx23: https://www.lacrossetechnology.com/tx23-wind-sensor
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    # Example configuration entry
+    sensor:
+      - platform: tx20
+        wind_speed:
+          name: "Windspeed"
+        wind_direction_degrees:
+          name: "Winddirection Degrees"
+        pin: 
+          number: GPIO04
+
+
+Configuration variables:
+------------------------
+
+- **wind_speed** (**Required**): The information for the wind speed sensor.
+
+  - **name** (**Required**, string): The name for the wind speed
+    sensor.
+  - **id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Set the ID of this sensor for use in lambdas.
+  - All other options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+
+- **wind_direction_degrees** (**Required**): The information for the direction
+  in degrees sensor.
+
+  - **name** (**Required**, string): The name for the direction sensor.
+  - **id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Set the ID of this sensor for use in lambdas.
+  - All other options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+
+- **pin** (**Required**, :ref:`config-pin`): The pin, where the black or brown
+  cable are connected.
+
+.. note::
+
+    In order to create a text sensor to show the textual representation of the wind direction
+    the following config can be used. "tx20_id" needs to be replaced with the id of the Tx20 sensor.
+
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        text_sensor:
+        - platform: template
+          name: "Textual Representation Wind Direction"
+          lambda: |-
+            return {id(tx20_id).get_wind_cardinal_direction()};
+          update_interval: 2s
+
+
+See Also
+--------
+
+- :ref:`sensor-filters`
+- :apiref:`tx20/tx20.h`
+- `Amazon Tx20 <https://www.amazon.de/Technoline-Tx-20/dp/B01HXZ3KLA>`__
+- `La Crosse Tx23 <https://www.lacrossetechnology.com/tx23-wind-sensor>`__
+- `Datagram Tx20 <http://www.sdpro.eu/jm/images/allegati/Tx20_Documentazione.pdf>`__
+- `Datagram Tx23 <https://www.lacrossetechnology.com/tx23-wind-sensor>`__-
+- :ghedit:`Edit`

index.rst

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ Sensor Components
     Template Sensor, components/sensor/template, description.svg
     Total Daily Energy, components/sensor/total_daily_energy, sigma.svg
     TSL2561, components/sensor/tsl2561, tsl2561.jpg
+    Tx20, components/sensor/tx20, tx20.jpg
     Ultrasonic Sensor, components/sensor/ultrasonic, ultrasonic.jpg
     Uptime Sensor, components/sensor/uptime, timer.svg
     WiFi Signal Strength, components/sensor/wifi_signal, network-wifi.svg