Add documentation for TC74 (#4255)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <3060199+jesserockz@users.noreply.github.com>

components/sensor/tc74.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+TC74 Temperature Sensor
+=======================
+
+.. seo::
+    :description: Instructions for setting up the TC74 temperature sensors.
+    :image: tc74.jpg
+    :keywords: TC74
+
+The TC74 sensor platform allows you to use your TC74 (`datasheet
+<https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/21462D.pdf>`__, `Adafruit
+<https://www.adafruit.com/product/4375>`__) temperature sensors with ESPHome.
+The :ref:`I²C Bus <i2c>` is required to be set up in your configuration for this
+sensor to work.
+
+.. figure:: images/tc74-full.jpg
+    :align: center
+    :width: 50.0%
+
+    TC74 Temperature Sensor.
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    # Example configuration entry
+    sensor:
+      - platform: tc74
+        name: "Living Room Temperature"
+
+Configuration variables:
+------------------------
+
+- **update_interval** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-time`): The interval to check
+  the sensor. Defaults to ``60s``.
+- **address** (*Optional*, int): The I²C address of the sensor. Defaults to
+  ``0x48``, the address of the TC74A0. For suffixes other than ``A0`` add the
+  final digit to ``0x48`` to calculate the address. For example, the TC74A5 has
+  I²C address ``0x4D``.
+- All other options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+
+See Also
+--------
+
+- :ref:`sensor-filters`
+- :doc:`dht`
+- :doc:`dht12`
+- :doc:`hdc1080`
+- :doc:`sht3xd`
+- :doc:`htu21d`
+- :doc:`tmp102`
+- :apiref:`tc74/tc74.h`
+- :ghedit:`Edit`

index.rst

@@ -498,6 +498,7 @@ Environmental
     SHTCx, components/sensor/shtcx, shtc3.jpg, Temperature & Humidity
     SMT100, components/sensor/smt100, smt100.jpg, Moisture & Temperature
     STS3X, components/sensor/sts3x, sts3x.jpg, Temperature
+    TC74, components/sensor/tc74, tc74.jpg, Temperature
     TEE501, components/sensor/tee501, TEE501.png, Temperature
     TE-M3200, components/sensor/tem3200, tem3200.jpg, Temperature & Pressure
     TMP102, components/sensor/tmp102, tmp102.jpg, Temperature