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318 lines
12 KiB
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Using With Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang
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==============================
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.. seo::
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:description: Instructions for putting Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang devices into flash mode and installing ESPHome on them.
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:image: sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.jpg
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ESPHome can also be used with Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang wireless switches. These devices are
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basically just an ESP8266 chip with 3 relays to control power output and three backlit capacitive touch buttons to control the relays.
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.. note::
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This instruction is made for T1 UK with the touch board v1.1 which is trickier to get into flash mode
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than v1
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.. figure:: images/sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.jpg
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:align: center
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:width: 75.0%
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Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang WiFi switch.
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This guide will step you through setting up your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang and flashing the first ESPHome firmware
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with the serial interface. After that, you will be able to upload all future firmwares with the remote
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Over-The-Air update process.
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.. note::
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If you've previously installed Sonoff-Tasmota on your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang, you're in luck 😀
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ESPHome can generate a firmware binary which you can then upload via the
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Tasmota web interface. To see how to create this binary, skip to :ref:`sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1-creating_firmware`.
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Since firmware version 1.6.0, iTead (the creator of this device) has removed the ability to upload
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a custom firmware through their own upload process. Unfortunately, that means that the only way to
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flash the initial ESPHome firmware is by physically opening the device up and using the UART
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interface.
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.. warning::
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Opening up this device can be very dangerous if not done correctly. While the device is open,
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you will be a single touch away from being electrocuted if the device is plugged in.
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So, during this *entire* guide **never ever** plug the device in. Also, you should only do this
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if you know what you're doing. If you, at any step, feel something is wrong or are uncomfortable
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with continuing, it's best to just stop for your own safety.
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It's your own responsibility to make sure everything you do during this setup process is safe.
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For this guide you will need:
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- Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang 😉
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- A USB to UART Bridge for flashing the device. These can be bought on Amazon for less than 5 dollars.
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Note that the bridge *must* be 3.3V compatible. Otherwise you will destroy your Sonoff.
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- Jumper wires to connect the UART bridge to the header pins and to connect GPIO0 to the Ground.
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- Computer running ESPHome or Home Assistant add-on.
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- Screwdriver to open up the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang.
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Have everything? Great! Then you can start.
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Step 1: Opening up the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang
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------------------------------------------
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The first step is to open up the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang. Note that you do not have to run the original firmware
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supplied with the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang before doing this step.
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.. warning::
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Just to repeat this: Make **absolutely sure** the device is not connected to any appliance or
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plugged in before doing this step.
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While the device is not plugged in, turn the device face down and put a narrow flat screwdriver into the slot at the bottom.
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With careful twisting motion detach the faceplate.
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.. figure:: images/sonoff_t1_uk_3g_back_v1.1.jpg
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:align: center
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:width: 60.0%
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Careful twisting motion.
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After that, use the same screwdriver to carefully lift the top PCB off of the switch.
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This PCB contains the ESP chip and what's left inside the switch body are relays.
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.. figure:: images/sonoff_t1_uk_3g_plate_off_v1.1.jpg
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:align: center
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:width: 75.0%
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"TOUCH BOARD" with touchpads holds the ESP chip.
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Step 2: Connecting UART
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-----------------------
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Now we need our computer to somehow establish a data connection to the board. For this we will
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have to connect the four wires on the UART to USB bridge to the UART pins of the Sonoff T1 v1.1.
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Fortunately for us, these pins on the ESP controller have dedicated solder pads on the PCB. You can identify
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these by the ``VCC33``, ``RX``, ``TX`` and ``GND`` markings on the silk-screen.
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Now go ahead and connect these pins to your UART to USB bridge as seen in below image. Make sure
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that you connect these correctly, especially the ``VCC33`` and ``GND`` parts as you can otherwise
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destroy the chip.
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``VCC33`` should be connected to the ``3V3`` (**not** 5V) pin of the UART bridge, ``GND`` to ``GND``
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and the same with ``RX``/``TX``.
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There's no need for soldering - for quick job like one time firmware flashing you can just hold pins in respective holes by hand
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provided **you are not touching any live contacts**, only the wires.
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.. note::
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On some older T1 UK 3 Gangs, the ``RX`` and ``TX`` pins are swapped (sometimes even the written silkscreen is
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wrong). If your upload fails with an ``error: espcomm_upload_mem failed`` message it's most likely due
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to the pins being swapped. In that case, just swap ``RX`` and ``TX`` and try again - you won't break
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anything if they're swapped.
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.. _sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1-creating_firmware:
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Step 3: Creating Firmware
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-------------------------
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The Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang is based on the ``ESP8266`` platform (technically it's the ``ESP8285``, but for our purposes
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they're the same) and is a subtype of the ``esp01_1m`` board.
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With this information, you can step through the ESPHome wizard (``esphome sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.yaml wizard``),
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or alternatively, you can just take the below configuration file and modify it to your needs.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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esphome:
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name: <NAME_OF_NODE>
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platform: ESP8266
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board: esp01_1m
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wifi:
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ssid: <YOUR_SSID>
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password: <YOUR_PASSWORD>
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api:
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logger:
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ota:
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Now run ``esphome sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.yaml compile`` to validate the configuration and
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pre-compile the firmware.
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.. note::
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After this step, you will be able to find the compiled binary under
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``<NAME_OF_NODE>/.pioenvs/<NAME_OF_NODE>/firmware.bin``. If you're having trouble with
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uploading, you can also try uploading this file directly with other tools.
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Step 4: Uploading Firmware
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--------------------------
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In order to upload the firmware, you're first going to need to get the chip into a flash mode, otherwise
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the device will start up without accepting any firmware flash attempts.
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To put ESP8266 into flash mode you need to connect ``GPIO0`` to ``GND`` when the device is powering up.
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This is a tricky process with T1 and the best way to do it is to use a wire with pins on either side.
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To do this, while the device is UART bridge is not connected to your USB port, flip the PCB over,
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take a wire and connect the second Ground hole on the PCB (red) to the third from the right bottom leg on the chip as depicted below (yellow) -
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that leg is connected to the ``GPIO0`` on ESP and plug the UART to your USB port.
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Keep holding ``GND`` and ``GPIO0`` connected for 2-4 seconds. The T1 UK 3 Gang should now be in a flash mode and should not blink with any LED.
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The touchpads may light up.
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.. figure:: images/sonoff_t1_uk_3g_backplate_v1.1.jpg
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:align: center
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Connect red and yellow contacts while powering the board.
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Now you can finally run the upload command:
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.. code-block:: bash
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esphome sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.yaml run
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If successful, you should see something like this:
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.. figure:: images/sonoff_4ch_upload.png
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:align: center
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Hooray 🎉! You've now successfully uploaded the first ESPHome firmware to your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang. And in a moment,
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you will be able to use all of ESPHome's great features with your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang. Now you can put your T1 back together and fire up.
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.. note::
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While now your T1 will start up and connect to your WiFi network if you power it up from UART it will not behave normally,
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it may flash random LEDs, turn on and off touchpads' backlight and not react on touching touchpads. This will all be fixed once you re-assemble your T1
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and power it up from the mains power once safe to do so.
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If above step does, however, not work, here are some steps that can help:
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- Sometimes the UART bridge cannot supply enough current to the chip to operate, in this
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case use a 3.3V supply you have lying around. A nice hack is to use the power supply of
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NodeMCU boards. Simply connect the NodeMCU's 3.3V to VCC and GND to GND. **Do not attempt
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to plug the device into a socket to overcome this problem while troubleshooting.**
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- In other cases the ``TX`` and ``RX`` pin are reversed. Simple disconnect the device, swap
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the two pins and put it into flash mode again.
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Step 5: Adding the Button, Relay and LEDs
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-----------------------------------------
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Now we would like the T1 UK 3 Gang to actually do something, not just connect to WiFi and pretty much sit idle.
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Below you will find a table of all usable GPIO pins of the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang and a configuration file that exposes all
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of the basic functions.
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======================================== =========================================
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``GPIO0`` Touchpad #1 (inverted)
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO9`` Touchpad #2 (inverted)
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO10`` Touchpad #3 (inverted)
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO12`` Relay #1 and Touchpad #1 backlight
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO5`` Relay #2 and Touchpad #2 backlight
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO4`` Relay #3 and Touchpad #3 backlight
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO13`` Blue LED (inverted)
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO1`` ``RX`` pin (for external sensors)
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---------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
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``GPIO3`` ``TX`` pin (for external sensors)
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======================================== =========================================
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.. code-block:: yaml
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esphome:
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name: <NAME_OF_NODE>
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platform: ESP8266
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board: esp01_1m
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wifi:
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ssid: <YOUR_SSID>
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password: <YOUR_PASSWORD>
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api:
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logger:
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ota:
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binary_sensor:
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- platform: gpio
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pin:
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number: GPIO0
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mode: INPUT_PULLUP
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inverted: true
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Touchpad 1"
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- platform: gpio
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pin:
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number: GPIO9
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mode: INPUT_PULLUP
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inverted: true
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Touchpad 2"
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- platform: gpio
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pin:
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number: GPIO10
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mode: INPUT_PULLUP
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inverted: true
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Touchpad 3"
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- platform: status
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Status"
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switch:
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- platform: gpio
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Relay 1"
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pin: GPIO12
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- platform: gpio
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Relay 2"
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pin: GPIO5
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- platform: gpio
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Relay 3"
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pin: GPIO4
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output:
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# Register the blue LED as a dimmable output ....
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- platform: esp8266_pwm
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id: blue_led
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pin: GPIO13
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inverted: true
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light:
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# ... and then make a light out of it.
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- platform: monochromatic
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name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Blue LED"
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output: blue_led
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Above example also showcases an important concept of ESPHome: IDs and linking. In order
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to make all components in ESPHome as "plug and play" as possible, you can use IDs to define
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them in one area, and simply pass that ID later on. For example, above you can see a PWM (dimmer)
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output being created with the ID ``blue_led`` for the blue LED. Later on it is then transformed
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into a :doc:`monochromatic light </components/light/monochromatic>`.
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If you additionally want the buttons to control the relays, look at `the complete Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang
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with automation example <https://github.com/esphome/esphome-docs/blob/current/devices/sonoff_t1_uk_3gang_v1.1.yaml>`__.
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Step 6: Finishing Up
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--------------------
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If you're sure everything is done with the T1 UK 3 Gang and have double checked there's nothing that could cause a short
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in the case, you can put the T1 back together.
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Now triple- or even quadruple-check the UART bridge is not connected to the T1 UK 3 Gang, then comes the time when you can
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connect it.
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Happy hacking!
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See Also
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--------
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- :doc:`sonoff`
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- :doc:`sonoff_4ch`
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- :doc:`sonoff_s20`
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- :ghedit:`Edit`
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