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220 lines
7.7 KiB
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RC522 NFC/RFID
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==============
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.. seo::
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:description: Instructions for setting up RC522 NFC/RFID tag readers and tags in ESPHome
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:image: rc522.jpg
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:keywords: RC522, NFC, RFID
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.. _rc522-component:
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.. figure:: images/rc522-full.jpg
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:align: center
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:width: 60.0%
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The ``rc522`` component allows you to use RC522 NFC/RFID controllers
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(`datasheet <https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/data-sheet/MFRC522.pdf>`__, `Ali Express <https://es.aliexpress.com/item/1260729519.html>`__)
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with ESPHome. ESPHome can read the UID from the tag. Every NFC/RFID tag has a unique "UID" value assigned at the time
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of manufacture. Tags can be associated with binary sensors, making it easy to determine when a specific tag is present.
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You can also use the tag information directly within ESPHome automations/lambdas. See :ref:`rc522-setting_up_tags` for
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information on how to setup individual binary sensors using this component.
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The RC522 IC supports SPI, I²C and UART communication protocols; ESPHome can use either SPI or I²C.
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Component/Hub
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-------------
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- If you have a module as shown in the image above, it can only be used in SPI mode
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(`unless hacked <https://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=442750.0>`__) and you must define a :ref:`SPI bus <spi>`
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in your configuration with both the **miso_pin** and **mosi_pin** set.
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- If you have a RC522 which communicates via I²C (as on the M5 Stack), you need to have an :ref:`I²C <i2c>` bus configured.
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Over SPI
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--------
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The ``rc522_spi`` component allows you to use RC522 NFC/RFID controllers with ESPHome. This component is a global hub
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that establishes the connection to the RC522 via :ref:`SPI <spi>`. Using :ref:`RC522 binary sensors <rc522-binary_sensor>`,
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you can then create individual binary sensors that track if an NFC/RFID tag is currently detected by the RC522.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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spi:
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rc522_spi:
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cs_pin: GPIO15
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binary_sensor:
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- platform: rc522
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uid: 74-10-37-94
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name: "RC522 RFID Tag"
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Configuration variables:
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************************
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- **cs_pin** (**Required**, :ref:`Pin Schema <config-pin_schema>`): The pin on the ESP that the chip select line
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is connected to.
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- **reset_pin** (*Optional*, :ref:`Pin Schema <config-pin_schema>`): The pin connected to the RST line. Some tests
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shows the RC522 working okay without this.
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- **update_interval** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-time`): The duration of each scan on the RC522. This affects the
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duration that the individual binary sensors stay active when they're found.
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If a device is not found within this time window, it will be marked as not present. Defaults to ``1s``.
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- **spi_id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Manually specify the ID of the :ref:`SPI Component <spi>` if you want
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to use multiple SPI buses.
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- **id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Manually specify the ID for this component.
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- **on_tag** (*Optional*, :ref:`Automation <automation>`): An automation to perform when a tag is read. See
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:ref:`rc522-on_tag`.
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- **on_tag_removed** (*Optional*, :ref:`Automation <automation>`): An automation to perform after a tag is removed. See
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:ref:`rc522-on_tag_removed`.
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Over I²C
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--------
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The ``rc522_i2c`` component allows you to use RC522 NFC/RFID controllers with ESPHome. This component is a global hub
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that establishes the connection to the RC522 via :ref:`I²C <i2c>` (also available over SPI). Using the
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:ref:`RC522 binary sensors <rc522-binary_sensor>` you can then create individual binary sensors that track if
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an NFC/RFID tag is currently detected by the RC522.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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i2c:
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rc522_i2c:
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binary_sensor:
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- platform: rc522
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uid: 74-10-37-94
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name: "RC522 RFID Tag"
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Configuration variables:
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************************
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- **address** (*Optional*, int): Manually specify the I²C address of the sensor. Defaults to ``0x28``.
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- **reset_pin** (*Optional*, :ref:`Pin Schema <config-pin_schema>`): The pin connected to the RST line. Some tests
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shows the RC522 working okay without this.
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- **update_interval** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-time`): The duration of each scan on the RC522. This affects the
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duration that the individual binary sensors stay active when they're found.
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If a device is not found within this time window, it will be marked as not present. Defaults to ``1s``.
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- **i2c_id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Manually specify the ID of the :ref:`I²C Component <i2c>` if you want
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to use multiple I²C buses.
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- **id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Manually specify the ID for this component.
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- **on_tag** (*Optional*, :ref:`Automation <automation>`): An automation to perform when a tag is read. See
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:ref:`rc522-on_tag`.
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- **on_tag_removed** (*Optional*, :ref:`Automation <automation>`): An automation to perform after a tag is removed. See
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:ref:`rc522-on_tag_removed`.
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Triggers
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--------
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.. _rc522-on_tag:
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``on_tag`` Trigger
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******************
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This automation will be triggered immediately after the RC522 identifies a tag.
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The parameter ``x`` this trigger provides is of type ``std::string`` and is the tag UID in the format
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``74-10-37-94``. The configuration below will for example publish the tag ID on the MQTT topic ``rc522/tag``.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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rc522_spi: # or rc522_i2c
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# ...
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on_tag:
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then:
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- mqtt.publish:
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topic: rc522/tag
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payload: !lambda 'return x;'
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A tag scanned event can also be sent to the Home Assistant tag component
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using :ref:`api-homeassistant_tag_scanned_action`.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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rc522_spi: # or rc522_i2c
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# ...
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on_tag:
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then:
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- homeassistant.tag_scanned: !lambda 'return x;'
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.. _rc522-on_tag_removed:
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``on_tag_removed`` Trigger
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**************************
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This automation will be triggered when the RC522 no longer "sees" a previously scanned tag.
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The parameter ``x`` this trigger provides is of type ``std::string`` and is the removed tag UID in the format
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``74-10-37-94``. The example configuration below will publish the removed tag ID on the MQTT topic ``pn7160/tag_removed``.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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rc522_spi: # or rc522_i2c
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# ...
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on_tag_removed:
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then:
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- mqtt.publish:
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topic: rc522/tag_removed
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payload: !lambda 'return x;'
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.. _rc522-binary_sensor:
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``rc522`` Binary Sensor
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-----------------------
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The ``rc522`` binary sensor platform lets you track if an NFC/RFID tag with a given unique id (``uid``) is currently
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being detected by the RC522 or not.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# Example configuration entry
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spi:
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clk_pin: D0
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miso_pin: D1
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mosi_pin: D2
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rc522_spi: # or rc522_i2c
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cs_pin: D3
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update_interval: 1s
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binary_sensor:
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- platform: rc522
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uid: 74-10-37-94
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name: "RC522 RFID Tag"
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Configuration variables:
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************************
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- **uid** (**Required**, string): The unique ID of the NFC/RFID tag. This is a hyphen-separated list
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of hexadecimal values. For example ``74-10-37-94``.
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- **name** (**Required**, string): The name of the binary sensor.
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- **id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Manually specify the ID used for code generation.
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- All other options from :ref:`Binary Sensor <config-binary_sensor>`.
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.. _rc522-setting_up_tags:
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Setting Up Tags
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---------------
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To set up binary sensors for specific NFC/RFID tags you first have to know their unique IDs. To obtain this
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id, first set up a simple RC522 configuration without any binary sensors like above.
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When your code is running and you approach the RC522 with an NFC/RFID Tag, you should see a message like this:
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.. code::
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Found new tag '74-10-37-94'
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Then copy this id and create a ``binary_sensor`` entry as in the configuration example. Repeat this process for each tag.
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See Also
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--------
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- :doc:`index`
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- :doc:`rdm6300`
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- :doc:`pn532`
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- :apiref:`rc522/rc522.h`
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- :ghedit:`Edit`
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