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204 lines
6.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
204 lines
6.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
Packages
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========
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.. seo::
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:description: How to use packages in ESPHome
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:image: settings.svg
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When you have many ESPHome devices (or are producing and distributing them at scale), a common need tends to surface:
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configuration modularization. You'll likely want to break your configuration into common (groups of) elements, building
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it into reusable pieces which can subsequently be used by many/all devices. Only unique pieces of your configuration
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remain in any given device's YAML configuration file.
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This can be accomplished with ESPHome's ``packages`` feature.
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All definitions from packages will be merged with your device's main configuration in a non-destructive way. This
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allows overriding (parts of) configuration contained in the package(s). Substitutions in your main configuration will
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override substitutions with the same name in a package.
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Dictionaries are merged key-by-key. Lists of components are merged by component ID (if specified). Other lists are
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merged by concatenation. All other configuration values are replaced with the later value.
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ESPHome uses ``!include`` to "bring in" packages; this is a syntax brought over from
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`Home Assistant's YAML configuration directives <https://www.home-assistant.io/docs/configuration/splitting_configuration/>`__.
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Local Packages
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--------------
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Consider the following example where the author put common pieces of configuration (like Wi-Fi and API) into base files
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and then extends it with some device-specific configuration in the main configuration.
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Note how the piece of configuration describing ``api`` component in ``device_base.yaml`` gets merged with the actions
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definitions from main configuration file.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# In config.yaml
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packages:
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wifi: !include common/wifi.yaml
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device_base: !include common/device_base.yaml
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api:
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actions:
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- action: start_laundry
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then:
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- switch.turn_on: relay
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# any additional configuration...
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# In wifi.yaml
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wifi:
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ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
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password: !secret wifi_password
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# In device_base.yaml
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esphome:
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name: ${node_name}
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esp32:
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board: wemos_d1_mini32
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logger:
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api:
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encryption:
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key: !secret api_encryption_key
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.. _config-git_packages:
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Remote/Git Packages
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-------------------
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Packages can also be loaded from a Git repository by utilizing the correct configuration syntax.
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:doc:`/components/substitutions` can be used inside the remote packages which allows users to override
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them locally with their own substitution value.
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.. note::
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Remote packages cannot have ``secret`` lookups in them. They should instead make use of substitutions with an
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optional default in the packaged YAML, which the local device YAML can set using values from the local secrets.
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# Git repo examples
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packages:
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# shorthand form github://username/repository/[folder/]file-path.yml[@branch-or-tag]
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remote_package_shorthand: github://esphome/non-existant-repo/file1.yml@main
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remote_package_files:
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url: https://github.com/esphome/non-existant-repo
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files: [file1.yml, file2.yml] # optional; if not specified, all files will be included
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ref: main # optional
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refresh: 1d # optional
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Configuration variables:
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------------------------
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For each package:
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- **url** (**Required**, string): The URL for the repository.
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- **username** (*Optional*, string): Username to be used for authentication, if required.
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- **password** (*Optional*, string): Password to be used for authentication, if required.
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- **files** (**Required**, list of strings): List of files to include.
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- **ref** (*Optional*, string): The Git ref(erence) to be used when pulling content from the repository.
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- **refresh** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-time`): The interval at which the content from the repository should be refreshed.
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Packages as Templates
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---------------------
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Since packages are incorporated using the ``!include`` system, variables can be provided to them. This means that
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packages can be used as *templates*, allowing complex or repetitive configurations to be stored in a package file
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and then incorporated into the configuration more than once.
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Packages may also contain a ``defaults`` block which provides subsitutions for variables not provided by the
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``!include`` block.
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As an example, if the configuration needed to support three garage doors using the ``gpio`` switch platform and the
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``time_based`` cover platform, it could be constructed like this:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# In config.yaml
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packages:
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left_garage_door: !include
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file: garage-door.yaml
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vars:
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door_name: Left
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vars:
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door_name: Middle
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vars:
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door_name: Right
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# In garage-door.yaml
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switch:
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- name: ${door_name} Garage Door Switch
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platform: gpio
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# ...
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Extend
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------
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To make changes or add additional configuration to included configurations, ``!extend config_id`` can be used, where
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``config_id`` is the ID of the configuration to modify.
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For example, to set a specific update interval on a common uptime sensor that is shared between configurations:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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# In common.yaml
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captive_portal:
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sensor:
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- platform: uptime
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id: uptime_sensor
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update_interval: 1min
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.. code-block:: yaml
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packages:
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common: !include common.yaml
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sensor:
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- id: !extend uptime_sensor
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update_interval: 10s
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Remove
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------
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To remove existing entries from included configurations, ``!remove [config_id]`` can be used, where ``config_id`` is
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the ID of the entry to modify.
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For example, to remove a common uptime sensor that is shared between configurations:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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packages:
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common: !include common.yaml # see above
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sensor:
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- id: !remove uptime_sensor
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To remove captive portal for a specific device:
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.. code-block:: yaml
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packages:
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common: !include common.yaml # see above
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captive_portal: !remove
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See Also
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--------
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- :doc:`ESPHome index </index>`
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- :doc:`/guides/getting_started_command_line`
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- :doc:`/guides/faq`
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- :ghedit:`Edit`
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