mirror of
https://github.com/esphome/esphome-docs.git
synced 2024-11-15 10:45:41 +01:00
269 lines
9.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
269 lines
9.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
Native API Component
|
|
====================
|
|
|
|
.. seo::
|
|
:description: Instructions for setting up the native ESPHome API for communication with Home Assistant.
|
|
:image: server-network.png
|
|
:keywords: Native API, ESPHome, Home Assistant
|
|
|
|
The ESPHome native API is used to communicate with clients directly, with a highly-optimized
|
|
network protocol. Currently, only the ESPHome tool and Home Assistant use this native API.
|
|
|
|
After adding an ``api:`` line to your ESPHome configuration you can go to the Home Assistant
|
|
web interface and navigate to the "Integrations" screen in the "Configuration" panel. Then wait
|
|
for the ESPHome device to show up under the discovered section (can take up to 5 minutes) or add
|
|
the device manually by choosing "ESPHome" from the integration overview and entering
|
|
"<NODE_NAME>.local" or the IP address of the unit in the "Host" field.
|
|
|
|
The ESPHome native API is based on a custom TCP protocol using protocol buffers. You can find
|
|
the protocol data structure definitions here: https://github.com/esphome/esphome/blob/dev/esphome/components/api/api.proto
|
|
A Python library that implements this protocol is `aioesphomeapi <https://github.com/esphome/aioesphomeapi>`__.
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# Example configuration entry
|
|
api:
|
|
password: 'MyPassword'
|
|
|
|
Configuration variables:
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
- **port** (*Optional*, integer): The port to run the API Server on. Defaults to ``6053``.
|
|
- **password** (*Optional*, string): The password to protect the API Server with. Defaults to no password.
|
|
- **services** (*Optional*, list): A list of user-defined services. See :ref:`api-services`.
|
|
- **reboot_timeout** (*Optional*, :ref:`time <config-time>`): The amount of time to wait before rebooting when no
|
|
client connects to the API. This is needed because sometimes the low level ESP functions report that
|
|
the ESP is connected to the network, when in fact it is not - only a full reboot fixes it.
|
|
Can be disabled by setting this to ``0s``. Defaults to ``15min``.
|
|
- **id** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-id`): Manually specify the ID used for code generation.
|
|
|
|
.. _api-homeassistant_service_action:
|
|
|
|
``homeassistant.service`` Action
|
|
--------------------------------
|
|
|
|
When using the native API with Home Assistant, you can create Home Assistant service
|
|
calls straight from ESPHome :ref:`Automations <automation>`.
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# In some trigger
|
|
on_...:
|
|
# Simple
|
|
- homeassistant.service:
|
|
service: notify.html5
|
|
data:
|
|
title: Button was pressed
|
|
# With templates and variables
|
|
- homeassistant.service:
|
|
service: notify.html5
|
|
data:
|
|
title: New Humidity
|
|
data_template:
|
|
message: The humidity is {{ my_variable }}%.
|
|
variables:
|
|
my_variable: |-
|
|
return id(my_sensor).state;
|
|
|
|
Configuration options:
|
|
|
|
- **service** (**Required**, string): The Home Assistant `Service <https://www.home-assistant.io/docs/scripts/service-calls/>`__
|
|
to call.
|
|
- **data** (*Optional*, mapping): Optional *static* data to pass along with the service call.
|
|
- **data_template** (*Optional*, mapping): Optional template data to pass along with the service call.
|
|
This is evaluated on the Home Assistant side with Home Assistant's templating engine.
|
|
- **variables** (*Optional*, mapping): Optional variables that can be used in the ``data_template``.
|
|
Values are :ref:`lambdas <config-lambda>` and will be evaluated before sending the request.
|
|
|
|
Data structures are not possible, but you can create a script in Home Assistant and call with all
|
|
the parameters in plain format.
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# Home Assistant Configuration
|
|
script:
|
|
...
|
|
set_light_rgb:
|
|
alias: 'ESPHome RGB light set'
|
|
sequence:
|
|
- service: light.turn_on
|
|
data_template:
|
|
entity_id: '{{ light_name }}'
|
|
rgb_color:
|
|
- '{{ red }}'
|
|
- '{{ green }}'
|
|
- '{{ blue }}'
|
|
|
|
Then in ESPHome
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# In some trigger
|
|
on_...:
|
|
- homeassistant.service:
|
|
service: script.set_light_rgb
|
|
data:
|
|
light_name: 'my_light'
|
|
red: '255'
|
|
green: '199'
|
|
blue: '71'
|
|
|
|
.. _api-services:
|
|
|
|
User-defined Services
|
|
---------------------
|
|
|
|
It is also possible to get data from Home Assistant to ESPHome with user-defined services.
|
|
When you declare services in your ESPHome YAML file, they will automatically show up in
|
|
Home Assistant and you can call them directly.
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# Example configuration entry
|
|
api:
|
|
services:
|
|
- service: start_laundry
|
|
then:
|
|
- switch.turn_on: relay
|
|
- delay: 3h
|
|
- switch.turn_off: relay
|
|
|
|
For example with the configuration seen above, after uploading you will see a service
|
|
called ``esphome.livingroom_start_laundry`` (livingroom is the node name) which you can
|
|
then call.
|
|
|
|
Additionally, you can also transmit data from Home Assistant to ESPHome with this method:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# Example configuration entry
|
|
api:
|
|
services:
|
|
- service: start_effect
|
|
variables:
|
|
my_brightness: int
|
|
my_effect: string
|
|
then:
|
|
- light.turn_on:
|
|
id: my_light
|
|
brightness: !lambda 'return my_brightness;'
|
|
effect: !lambda 'return my_effect;'
|
|
|
|
Using the ``variables`` key you can tell ESPHome which variables to expect from Home Assistant.
|
|
For example the service seen above would be executed with something like this:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# Example Home Assistant Service Call
|
|
service: esphome.livingroom_start_effect
|
|
data_template:
|
|
my_brightness: "{{ states.brightness.state }}"
|
|
my_effect: "Rainbow"
|
|
|
|
Then each variable you define in the ``variables`` section is accessible in the automation
|
|
triggered by the user-defined service through the name you gave it in the variables section
|
|
(note: this is a local variable, so do not wrap it in ``id(...)`` to access it).
|
|
|
|
There are currently 4 types of variables:
|
|
|
|
- bool: A boolean (ON/OFF). C++ type: ``bool``
|
|
- int: An integer. C++ type: ``int``/``int32_t``
|
|
- float: A floating point number. C++ type: ``float``
|
|
- string: A string. C++ type: ``std::string``
|
|
|
|
Each of these also exist in array form:
|
|
|
|
- bool[]: An array of boolean values. C++ type: ``std::vector<bool>``
|
|
- ... - Same for other types.
|
|
|
|
.. _api-connected_condition:
|
|
|
|
``api.connected`` Condition
|
|
---------------------------
|
|
|
|
This :ref:`Condition <config-condition>` checks if at least one client is connected to the ESPHome
|
|
native API. Please note client not only includes Home Assistant, but also ESPHome's OTA log output
|
|
if logs are shown remotely.
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
on_...:
|
|
if:
|
|
condition:
|
|
api.connected:
|
|
then:
|
|
- logger.log: API is connected!
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advantages over MQTT
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
The ESPHome native API has many advantages over using MQTT for communication with Home
|
|
Automation software (currently only Home Assistant). But MQTT is a great protocol and will
|
|
never be removed. Features of native API (vs. MQTT):
|
|
|
|
- **Much more efficient:** ESPHome encodes all messages in a highly optimized format with
|
|
protocol buffers - for example binary sensor state messages are about 1/10 of the size.
|
|
- **One-click configuration:** ESPHome just needs one click to set up in Home Assistant -
|
|
no more messing around with retained MQTT discovery messages and alike.
|
|
- **One less single point of failure:** In the ESPHome native API each ESP is its own server.
|
|
With MQTT, when the broker shuts off nothing can communicate anymore.
|
|
- **Stability:** Since ESPHome has far more control over the protocol than with MQTT,
|
|
it's really easy for us to roll out stability improvements.
|
|
- **Low Latency:** The native API is optimized for very low latency, usually this is only
|
|
a couple of milliseconds and far less than can be noticed by the eye.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _api-homeassistant_event_action:
|
|
|
|
``homeassistant.event`` Action
|
|
------------------------------
|
|
|
|
When using the native API with Home Assistant, you can create events in the Home Assistant event bus
|
|
straight from ESPHome :ref:`Automations <automation>`.
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# In some trigger
|
|
on_...:
|
|
# Simple
|
|
- homeassistant.event:
|
|
event: esphome.button_pressed
|
|
data:
|
|
title: Button was pressed
|
|
|
|
Configuration options:
|
|
|
|
- **event** (**Required**, string): The event to create - must begin with ``esphome.``
|
|
- **data** (*Optional*, mapping): Optional *static* data to pass along with the event.
|
|
- **data_template** (*Optional*, mapping): Optional template data to pass along with the event.
|
|
This is evaluated on the Home Assistant side with Home Assistant's templating engine.
|
|
- **variables** (*Optional*, mapping): Optional variables that can be used in the ``data_template``.
|
|
Values are :ref:`lambdas <config-lambda>` and will be evaluated before sending the request.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _api-homeassistant_tag_scanned_action:
|
|
|
|
``homeassistant.tag_scanned`` Action
|
|
------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
When using the native API with Home Assistant, you can push tag_scanned to Home Assistant
|
|
straight from ESPHome :ref:`Automations <automation>`.
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
# In some trigger
|
|
on_...:
|
|
# Simple
|
|
- homeassistant.tag_scanned: some-tag
|
|
|
|
Configuration options:
|
|
|
|
- **tag** (**Required**, :ref:`templatable <config-templatable>`, string): The id of the scanned tag
|
|
|
|
See Also
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
- :apiref:`api/api_server.h`
|
|
- :ghedit:`Edit`
|