diff --git a/esphome/components/logger/__init__.py b/esphome/components/logger/__init__.py
index 11a7f996f0..be302bd489 100644
--- a/esphome/components/logger/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/logger/__init__.py
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ UART_SELECTION_LIBRETINY = {
     COMPONENT_RTL87XX: [DEFAULT, UART0, UART1, UART2],
 }
 
-ESP_IDF_UARTS = [USB_CDC, USB_SERIAL_JTAG]
+ESP_ARDUINO_UNSUPPORTED_USB_UARTS = [USB_SERIAL_JTAG]
 
 UART_SELECTION_RP2040 = [USB_CDC, UART0, UART1]
 
@@ -124,6 +124,8 @@ is_log_level = cv.one_of(*LOG_LEVELS, upper=True)
 
 def uart_selection(value):
     if CORE.is_esp32:
+        if CORE.using_arduino and value.upper() in ESP_ARDUINO_UNSUPPORTED_USB_UARTS:
+            raise cv.Invalid(f"Arduino framework does not support {value}.")
         variant = get_esp32_variant()
         if variant in UART_SELECTION_ESP32:
             return cv.one_of(*UART_SELECTION_ESP32[variant], upper=True)(value)
@@ -169,6 +171,8 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 CONF_HARDWARE_UART,
                 esp8266=UART0,
                 esp32=UART0,
+                esp32_s2=USB_CDC,
+                esp32_s3=USB_CDC,
                 rp2040=USB_CDC,
                 bk72xx=DEFAULT,
                 rtl87xx=DEFAULT,
@@ -256,6 +260,10 @@ async def to_code(config):
     if config.get(CONF_ESP8266_STORE_LOG_STRINGS_IN_FLASH):
         cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_STORE_LOG_STR_IN_FLASH")
 
+    if CORE.using_arduino:
+        if config[CONF_HARDWARE_UART] == USB_CDC:
+            cg.add_build_flag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1")
+
     if CORE.using_esp_idf:
         if config[CONF_HARDWARE_UART] == USB_CDC:
             add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_ESP_CONSOLE_USB_CDC", True)
diff --git a/esphome/config_validation.py b/esphome/config_validation.py
index ad2ee11512..fdbe7d6320 100644
--- a/esphome/config_validation.py
+++ b/esphome/config_validation.py
@@ -1528,6 +1528,12 @@ class SplitDefault(Optional):
         esp32=vol.UNDEFINED,
         esp32_arduino=vol.UNDEFINED,
         esp32_idf=vol.UNDEFINED,
+        esp32_s2=vol.UNDEFINED,
+        esp32_s2_arduino=vol.UNDEFINED,
+        esp32_s2_idf=vol.UNDEFINED,
+        esp32_s3=vol.UNDEFINED,
+        esp32_s3_arduino=vol.UNDEFINED,
+        esp32_s3_idf=vol.UNDEFINED,
         rp2040=vol.UNDEFINED,
         bk72xx=vol.UNDEFINED,
         rtl87xx=vol.UNDEFINED,
@@ -1541,6 +1547,26 @@ class SplitDefault(Optional):
         self._esp32_idf_default = vol.default_factory(
             esp32_idf if esp32 is vol.UNDEFINED else esp32
         )
+        self._esp32_s2_arduino_default = vol.default_factory(
+            (esp32_s2_arduino if esp32 is vol.UNDEFINED else esp32)
+            if esp32_s2 is vol.UNDEFINED
+            else esp32_s2
+        )
+        self._esp32_s2_idf_default = vol.default_factory(
+            (esp32_s2_idf if esp32 is vol.UNDEFINED else esp32)
+            if esp32_s2 is vol.UNDEFINED
+            else esp32_s2
+        )
+        self._esp32_s3_arduino_default = vol.default_factory(
+            (esp32_s3_arduino if esp32 is vol.UNDEFINED else esp32)
+            if esp32_s3 is vol.UNDEFINED
+            else esp32_s3
+        )
+        self._esp32_s3_idf_default = vol.default_factory(
+            (esp32_s3_idf if esp32 is vol.UNDEFINED else esp32)
+            if esp32_s3 is vol.UNDEFINED
+            else esp32_s3
+        )
         self._rp2040_default = vol.default_factory(rp2040)
         self._bk72xx_default = vol.default_factory(bk72xx)
         self._rtl87xx_default = vol.default_factory(rtl87xx)
@@ -1550,10 +1576,29 @@ class SplitDefault(Optional):
     def default(self):
         if CORE.is_esp8266:
             return self._esp8266_default
-        if CORE.is_esp32 and CORE.using_arduino:
-            return self._esp32_arduino_default
-        if CORE.is_esp32 and CORE.using_esp_idf:
-            return self._esp32_idf_default
+        if CORE.is_esp32:
+            from esphome.components.esp32 import get_esp32_variant
+            from esphome.components.esp32.const import (
+                VARIANT_ESP32S2,
+                VARIANT_ESP32S3,
+            )
+
+            variant = get_esp32_variant()
+            if variant == VARIANT_ESP32S2:
+                if CORE.using_arduino:
+                    return self._esp32_s2_arduino_default
+                if CORE.using_esp_idf:
+                    return self._esp32_s2_idf_default
+            elif variant == VARIANT_ESP32S3:
+                if CORE.using_arduino:
+                    return self._esp32_s3_arduino_default
+                if CORE.using_esp_idf:
+                    return self._esp32_s3_idf_default
+            else:
+                if CORE.using_arduino:
+                    return self._esp32_arduino_default
+                if CORE.using_esp_idf:
+                    return self._esp32_idf_default
         if CORE.is_rp2040:
             return self._rp2040_default
         if CORE.is_bk72xx: