- **Offline installer:** Use the offline installer if the host to which are are deploying Harbor does not have a connection to the Internet. The offline installer contains pre-built images so it is larger than the online installer.
This guide describes how to install and configure Harbor by using either the online or offline installer. The installation processes are almost the same.
If you are upgrading from a previous version of Harbor, you might need to update the configuration file and migrate your data to fit the database schema of the later version. For information about upgrading, see the **[Harbor Upgrade and Migration Guide](migration_guide.md)**.
In addition, the Harbor community created instructions describing how to deploy Harbor on Kubernetes. If you want to deploy Harbor to Kubernetes, see [Harbor on Kubernetes](kubernetes_deployment.md).
Harbor is deployed as several Docker containers. You can therefore deploy it on any Linux distribution that supports Docker. The target host requires Docker, and Docker Compose to be installed.
|443|HTTPS|Harbor portal and core API accept HTTPS requests on this port. You can change this port in the configuration file.|
|4443|HTTPS|Connections to the Docker Content Trust service for Harbor. Only required if Notary is enabled. You can change this port in the configuration file.|
|80|HTTP|Harbor portal and core API accept HTTP requests on this port. You can change this port in the configuration file.|
The `gpg` command verifies that the signature of the bundle matches that of the `*.asc` key file. You should see confirmation that the signature is correct.
<pre>
gpg: armor header: Version: GnuPG v1
gpg: assuming signed data in 'harbor-offline-installer-v1.10.0-rc2.tgz'
gpg: Signature made Fri, Dec 6, 2019 5:04:17 AM WEST
gpg: using RSA key 644FF454C0B4115C
gpg: using pgp trust model
gpg: Good signature from "Harbor-sign (The key for signing Harbor build) <jiangd@vmware.com> [unknown]
You set system level parameters for Harbor in the `harbor.yml` file that is contained in the installer package. These parameters take effect when you run the `install.sh` script to install or reconfigure Harbor.
The table below lists the parameters that must be set when you deploy Harbor. By default, all of the required parameters are uncommented in the `harbor.yml` file. The optional parameters are commented with `#`. You do not necessarily need to change the values of the required parameters from the defaults that are provided, but these parameters must remain uncommented. At the very least, you must update the `hostname` parameter.
**IMPORTANT**: Harbor does not ship with any certificates. In versions up to and including 1.9.x, by default Harbor uses HTTP to serve registry requests. This is acceptable only in air-gapped test or development environments. In production environments, always use HTTPS. If you enable Content Trust with Notary to properly sign all images, you must use HTTPS.
You can use certificates that are signed by a trusted third-party CA, or you can use self-signed certificates. For information about how to create a CA, and how to use a CA to sign a server certificate and a client certificate, see **[Configuring Harbor with HTTPS Access](configure_https.md)**.
<tdvalign="top">Specify the IP address or the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the target host on which to deploy Harbor. This is the address at which you access the Harbor Portal and the registry service. For example, <code>192.168.1.10</code> or <code>reg.yourdomain.com</code>. The registry service must be accessible to external clients, so do not specify <code>localhost</code>, <code>127.0.0.1</code>, or <code>0.0.0.0</code> as the hostname.</td>
<tdvalign="top"><p>Use HTTPS to access the Harbor Portal and the token/notification service. Always use HTTPS in production environments and environments that are not air-gapped.</p>
<tdvalign="top">Set an initial password for the Harbor system administrator. This password is only used on the first time that Harbor starts. On subsequent logins, this setting is ignored and the administrator's password is set in the Harbor Portal. The default username and password are <code>admin</code> and <code>Harbor12345</code>.</td>
<tdvalign="top">The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool. If set to <=0 no idle connections are retained. The default value is 50. If it is not configured the value is 2.</td>
<tdvalign="top">The maximum number of open connections to the database. If <= 0 there is no limit on the number of open connections. The default value is 100 for the max connections to the Harbor database. If it is not configured the value is 0.</td>
<tdvalign="top">The location on the target host in which to store Harbor's data. You can optionally configure external storage, in which case disable this option and enable <code>storage_service</code>. The default is <code>/data</code>.</td>
<tdvalign="top">The maximum number of replication workers in the job service. For each image replication job, a worker synchronizes all tags of a repository to the remote destination. Increasing this number allows more concurrent replication jobs in the system. However, since each worker consumes a certain amount of network/CPU/IO resources, set the value of this attribute based on the hardware resource of the host. The default is 10.</td>
<tdvalign="top">Set the logging level to <code>debug</code>, <code>info</code>, <code>warning</code>, <code>error</code>, or <code>fatal</code>. The default is <code>info</code>.</td>
<tdvalign="top">Set the log retention parameters:<ul>
<li><code>rotate_count</code>: Log files are rotated <code>rotate_count</code> times before being removed. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than rotated. The default is 50.</li>
<li><code>rotate_size</code>: Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger than <code>rotate_size</code> bytes. Use <code>k</code> for kilobytes, <code>M</code> for megabytes, and <code>G</code> for gigabytes. <code>100</code>, <code>100k</code>, <code>100M</code> and <code>100G</code> are all valid values. The default is 200M.</li>
<li><code>location</code>: Set the directory in which to store the logs. The default is <code>/var/log/harbor</code>.</li>
The following table lists the additional, optional parameters that you can set to configure your Harbor deployment beyond the minimum required settings. To enable a setting, you must uncomment it in `harbor.yml` by deleting the leading `#` character.
<thscope="col">Description and Additional Parameters </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdvalign="top"><code>http</code></td>
<tdvalign="top"> </td>
<tdvalign="top">Do not use HTTP in production environments. Using HTTP is acceptable only in air-gapped test or development environments that do not have a connection to the external internet. Using HTTP in environments that are not air-gapped exposes you to man-in-the-middle attacks.</td>
<tdvalign="top">By default, Harbor stores images and charts on your local filesystem. In a production environment, you might want to use another storage backend instead of the local filesystem. The parameters listed below are the configurations for the registry. See *Configuring Storage Backend* below for more information about how to configure a different backend.</td>
<tdvalign="top">The path to the custom root CA certificate, which is injected into the trust store of registry and chart repository containers. This is usually needed if internal storage uses a self signed certificate.</td>
<tdvalign="top">The default is <code>filesystem</code>, but you can set <code>azure</code>, <code>gcs</code>, <code>s3</code>, <code>swift</code> and <code>oss</code>. For information about how to configure other backends, see <ahref="#backend">Configuring a Storage Backend</a> below. Set <code>maxthreads</code> to limit the number of threads to the external provider. The default is 100.</td>
<li><code>max_idle_conns</code>: The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool. If <=0 no idle connections are retained. The default value is 2.</li>
<li><code>max_open_conns</code>: The maximum number of open connections to the database. If <= 0 there is no limit on the number of open connections. The default value is 0.</li>
By default Harbor uses local storage for the registry, but you can optionally configure the `storage_service` setting so that Harbor uses external storage. For information about how to configure the storage backend of a registry for different storage providers, see the [Registry Configuration Reference](https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#storage) in the Docker documentation. For example, if you use Openstack Swift as your storage backend, the parameters might resemble the following:
Once you have configured **harbor.yml** optionally set up a storage backend, you install and start Harbor by using the `install.sh` script. Note that it might take some time for the online installer to download all of the `Harbor images from Docker hub.
You can install Harbor in different configurations:
If the installation succeeds, you can open a browser to visit the Harbor Portal at `http://reg.yourdomain.com`, changing `reg.yourdomain.com` to the hostname that you configured in `harbor.yml`. If you did not change them, the default administrator username and password are `admin` and `Harbor12345`.
Log in to the admin portal and create a new project, for example, `myproject`. You can then use docker commands to log in and push images to Harbor. By default, the registry server listens on port 80:
For more information about Notary and Docker Content Trust, see [Content Trust](https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/trust/content_trust/) in the Docker documentation.
**IMPORTANT:** If your installation of Harbor uses HTTP rather than HTTPS, you must add the option `--insecure-registry` to your client's Docker daemon. By default, the daemon file is located at `/etc/docker/daemon.json`.
For example, add the following to your `daemon.json` file:
You can use `docker-compose` to manage the lifecycle of Harbor. Some useful commands are listed below. You must run the commands in the same directory as `docker-compose.yml`.
To reconfigure Harbor, stop the existing Harbor instance and update `harbor.yml`. Then run `prepare` script to populate the configuration. Finally re-create and start the Harbor instance.
By default, registry data is persisted in the host's `/data/` directory. This data remains unchanged even when Harbor's containers are removed and/or recreated. You can edit the `data_volume` in `harbor.yml` file to change this directory.
In addition, Harbor uses `rsyslog` to collect the logs for each container. By default, these log files are stored in the directory `/var/log/harbor/` on the target host. You can change the log directory in `harbor.yml`.
By default, Harbor listens on port 443(HTTPS) and 80(HTTP, if configured) for both Harbor portal and Docker commands. You can reconfigure the default ports in `harbor.yml`
Currently, Harbor only supports PostgreSQL database. To user an external database, uncomment the `external_database` section in `harbor.yml` and fill the necessary information. You must create four databases for Harbor core, Clair, Notary server, and Notary signer. And the tables are generated automatically when Harbor starts up.
User settings are handled separately system settings. All user settings are configured in the Harbor portal or by HTTP requests at the command line. For information about using HTTP requests to configure user settings, see [Configure User Settings at the Command Line](configure_user_settings.md) to config user settings.
By default, Harbor limits the CPU usage of the Clair container to 150000 to avoid it using up all CPU resources. This is defined in the `docker-compose.clair.yml` file. You can modify this file based on your hardware configuration.
If a container is not in the `Up` state, check the log file for that container in `/var/log/harbor`. For example, if the `harbor-core` container is not running, look at the `core.log` log file.
When setting up Harbor behind an `nginx` proxy or elastic load balancing, look for the following line in `common/config/nginx/nginx.conf` and, if the proxy already has similar settings, remove it from the sections `location /`, `location /v2/` and `location /service/`.
