* **Master**: Master has elevated permissions beyond those of 'Developer' including the ability to scan images, view replications jobs, and delete images and helm charts.
* **ProjectAdmin**: When creating a new project, you will be assigned the "ProjectAdmin" role to the project. Besides read-write privileges, the "ProjectAdmin" also has some management privileges, such as adding and removing members, starting a vulnerability scan.
* **SysAdmin**: "SysAdmin" has the most privileges. In addition to the privileges mentioned above, "SysAdmin" can also list all projects, set an ordinary user as administrator, delete users and set vulnerability scan policy for all images. The public project "library" is also owned by the administrator.
* **Anonymous**: When a user is not logged in, the user is considered as an "Anonymous" user. An anonymous user has no access to private projects and has read-only access to public projects.
A user can register himself/herself in Harbor in this mode. To disable user self-registration, refer to the [installation guide](installation_guide.md) for initial configuration, or disable this feature in [Administrator Options](#administrator-options). When self-registration is disabled, the system administrator can add users into Harbor.
When registering or adding a new user, the username and email must be unique in the Harbor system. The password must contain at least 8 characters with 1 lowercase letter, 1 uppercase letter and 1 numeric character.
When an LDAP/AD user logs in by *username* and *password*, Harbor binds to the LDAP/AD server with the **"LDAP Search DN"** and **"LDAP Search Password"** described in [installation guide](installation_guide.md). If it succeeded, Harbor looks up the user under the LDAP entry **"LDAP Base DN"** including substree. The attribute (such as uid, cn) specified by **"LDAP UID"** is used to match a user with the *username*. If a match is found, the user's *password* is verified by a bind request to the LDAP/AD server. Uncheck **"LDAP Verify Cert"** if the LDAP/AD server uses a self-signed or an untrusted certificate.
Self-registration, deleting user, changing password and resetting password are not supported under LDAP/AD authentication mode because the users are managed by LDAP or AD.
With this authentication mode, regular user will login to Harbor Portal via SSO flow.
After the system administrator configure Harbor to authenticate via OIDC (more details refer to [this section](#managing-authentication)),
a button `LOGIN VIA OIDC PROVIDER` will appear on the login page.
By clicking this button user will kick off the SSO flow and be redirected to the OIDC Provider for authentication. After a successful
authentication at the remote site, user will be redirected to Harbor. There will be an "onboard" step if it's the first time the user
authenticate using his account, in which there will be a dialog popped up for him to set his user name in Harbor:
This user name will be the identifier for this user in Harbor, which will be used in the cases such as adding member to a project, assigning roles, etc.
This has to be a unique user name, if another user has used this user name to onboard, user will be prompted to choose another one.
Regarding this user to use docker CLI, please refer to [Using CLI after login via OIDC based SSO](#using-oidc-cli-secret)
**NOTE:**
1. After the onboard process, you still have to login to Harbor via SSO flow, the `Username` and `Password` fields are only for
local admin to login when Harbor is configured authentication via OIDC.
2. Similar to LDAP authentication mode, self-registration, updating profile, deleting user, changing password and
A project in Harbor contains all repositories of an application. No images can be pushed to Harbor before the project is created. RBAC is applied to a project. There are two types of projects in Harbor:
Project properties can be changed by clicking "Configuration".
* To make all repositories under the project accessible to everyone, select the `Public` checkbox.
* To prevent un-signed images under the project from being pulled, select the `Enable content trust` checkbox.
* To prevent vulnerable images under the project from being pulled, select the `Prevent vulnerable images from running` checkbox and change the severity level of vulnerabilities. Images cannot be pulled if their level equals to or higher than the currently selected level.
* To activate an immediate vulnerability scan on new images that are pushed to the project, select the `Automatically scan images on push` checkbox.
Replication allows users to replicate resources(images/charts) between Harbor and non-Harbor registries in both pull or push mode. Currently, the non-Harbor registries includes Docker Hub, Docker registry, Huawei SWR, and more registries will be supported in future.
Once the system administrator has set a rule, all resources that match the defined [filter](#resource-filter) patterns will be replicated to the destination registry when the [triggering condition](#trigger-mode) is matched. Each resource will start a task to run. If the namespace does not exist on the destination registry, a new namespace will be created automatically. If it already exists and the user configured in policy has no write privilege to it, the process will fail. The member information will not be replicated.
There may be a bit of delay during replication based on the situation of the network. If replication task fails, it will be re-scheduled a few minutes later and try 3 times.
Login as a system administrator user, click `NEW REPLICATION RULE` under `Administration->Replications` and fill in the necessary fields. You can choose different replication modes, [resource filters](#resource-filter) and [trigger modes](#trigger-mode) according to the different requirements. If there is no endpoint available in the list, follow the instructions in the [Installation Guide](installation_guide.md) to create one. Click `SAVE` to create a replication rule.
**Note:** `library` must be added if you want to replicate the official images of Docker Hub. For example, `library/hello-world` matches the official hello-world images.
* **Manual**: Replicate the resources manually when needed. **Note**: The deletion operations are not replicated.
* **Scheduled**: Replicate the resources periodically. **Note**: The deletion operations are not replicated.
* **Event Based**: When a new resource is pushed to the project, it is replicated to the remote registry immediately. Same to the deletion operation if the `Delete remote resources when locally deleted` checkbox is selected.
Select a replication rule and click `REPLICATE`, the resources which the rule is applied to will be replicated from the source registry to the destination immediately.
Click a rule, the execution records which belong to this rule will be listed. Each record represents the summary of one execution of the rule. Click `STOP` to stop the executions which are in progress.
Click the ID of one execution, you can get the execution summary and the task list. Click the log icon can get the detail information for the replication progress.
**Note**: The count of `IN PROGRESS` status in the summary includes both `Pending` and `In Progress` tasks.
Images retag helps users to tag images in Harbor, images can be tagged to different repositories and projects, as long as the users have sufficient permissions. For example,
```
release/app:stg --> release/app:prd
develop/app:v1.0 --> release/app:v1.0
```
To retag an image, users should have read permission (guest role or above) to the source project and write permission (developer role or above) to the target project.
In Harbor portal, select the image you'd like to retag, and click the enabled `Retag` button to open the retag dialog.
In the retag dialog, project name, repository name and the new tag should be specified. On click the `CONFIRM` button, the new tag would be created instantly. You can check the new tag in the corresponding project.
Entering a keyword in the search field at the top lists all matching projects and repositories. The search result includes both public and private repositories you have access to.
Harbor provides two kinds of labels to isolate kinds of resources(only images for now):
* **Global Level Label**: Managed by system administrators and used to manage the images of the whole system. They can be added to images under any projects.
* **Project Level Label**: Managed by project administrators under a project and can only be added to the images of the project.
### Managing global level labels
The system administrators can list, create, update and delete the global level labels under `Administration->Configuration->Labels`:
### Managing project level labels
The project administrators and system administrators can list, create, update and delete the project level labels under `Labels` tab of the project detail page:
Users who have system administrator, project administrator or project developer role can click the `ADD LABELS` button to add labels to or remove labels from images. The label list contains both globel level labels(come first) and project level labels:
### Filtering images by labels
The images can be filtered by labels:
Administrator can add "Administrator" role to one or more ordinary users by checking checkboxes and clicking `SET AS ADMINISTRATOR`. To delete users, checked checkboxes and select `DELETE`. Deleting user is only supported under database authentication mode.
You can list, add, edit and delete registries under `Administration->Registries`. Only registries which are not referenced by any rules can be deleted.
You can change authentication mode between **Database**(default) and **LDAP** before any user is added, when there is at least one user(besides admin) in Harbor, you cannot change the authentication mode.
When using LDAP mode, user's self-registration is disabled. The parameters of LDAP server must be filled in. For more information, refer to [User account](#user-account).
When using OIDC mode, user will login Harbor via OIDC based SSO. A client has to be registered on the OIDC provider and Harbor's callback URI needs to be associated to that client as a redirectURI.
The settings of this auth mode:
* OIDC Provider Name: The name of the OIDC Provider.
* OIDC Provider Endpoint: The URL of the endpoint of the OIDC provider(a.k.a the Authorization Server in OAuth's terminology),
which must service the "well-known" URI for its configuration, more details please refer to https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderConfigurationRequest
* OIDC Client ID: The ID of client configured on OIDC Provider.
* OIDC Client Secret: The secret for this client.
* OIDC Scope: The scope values to be used during the authentication. It is the comma separated string, which must contain `openid`.
Normally it should also contain `profile` and `email`. For getting the refresh token it should also contain `offline_access`. Please check with the administrator of the OIDC Provider.
* Verify Certificate: Whether to check the certificate when accessing the OIDC Provider. if you are running the OIDC Provider with self-signed
certificate, make sure this value is set to false.
Use the **Project Creation** drop-down menu to set which users can create projects. Select **Everyone** to allow all users to create projects. Select **Admin Only** to allow only users with the Administrator role to create projects.
### Managing self-registration
You can manage whether a user can sign up for a new account. This option is not available if you use LDAP authentication.
### Managing email settings
You can change Harbor's email settings, the mail server is used to send out responses to users who request to reset their password.
You can change Harbor's registry read only settings, read only mode will allow 'docker pull' while preventing 'docker push' and the deletion of repository and tag.
If it set to true, deleting repository, tag and pushing image will be disabled.
Harbor supports HTTP by default and Docker client tries to connect to Harbor using HTTPS first, so if you encounter an error as below when you pull or push images, you need to configure insecure registry. Please, read [this document](https://docs.docker.com/registry/insecure/) in order to understand how to do this.
In the case of HTTPS, if you have access to the registry's CA certificate, simply place the CA certificate at /etc/docker/certs.d/myregistrydomain.com/ca.crt .
**Note: Replace "10.117.169.182" with the IP address or domain name of your Harbor node. You cannot pull a unsigned image if you enabled content trust.**
Go into the repository and select the "Info" tab, and click the "EDIT" button. An textarea will appear and enter description here. Click "SAVE" button to save this information.
**CAUTION: If both tag A and tag B refer to the same image, after deleting tag A, B will also get deleted. if you enabled content trust, you need to use notary command line tool to delete the tag's signature before you delete an image.**
If you want to enable content trust to ensure that images are signed, please set two environment variables in the command line before pushing or pulling any image:
If you push the image for the first time, You will be asked to enter the root key passphrase. This will be needed every time you push a new image while the ``DOCKER_CONTENT_TRUST`` flag is set.
The root key is generated at: ``/root/.docker/trust/private/root_keys``
You will also be asked to enter a new passphrase for the image. This is generated at ``/root/.docker/trust/private/tuf_keys/[registry name] /[imagepath]``.
If you are using a self-signed cert, make sure to copy the CA cert into ```/etc/docker/certs.d/10.117.169.182``` and ```$HOME/.docker/tls/10.117.169.182:4443/```. When an image is signed, it is indicated in the Web UI.
**Note: Replace "10.117.169.182" with the IP address or domain name of your Harbor node. In order to use content trust, HTTPS must be enabled in Harbor.**
**CAUTION: Clair is an optional component, please make sure you have already installed it in your Harbor instance before you go through this section.**
Static analysis of vulnerabilities is provided through open source project [Clair](https://github.com/coreos/clair). You can initiate scanning on a particular image, or on all images in Harbor. Additionally, you can also set a policy to scan all the images at a specified time everyday.
**Vulnerability metadata**
Clair depends on the vulnerability metadata to complete the analysis process. After the first initial installation, Clair will automatically start to update the metadata database from different vulnerability repositories. The updating process may take a while based on the data size and network connection. If the database has not been fully populated, there is a warning message at the footer of the repository datagrid view.
The 'database not fully ready' warning message is also displayed in the **'Vulnerability'** tab of **'Configuration'** section under **'Administration'** for your awareness.
Once the database is ready, an overall database updated timestamp will be shown in the **'Vulnerability'** tab of **'Configuration'** section under **'Administration'**.
Enter your project, select the repository. For each tag there will be an 'Vulnerability' column to display vulnerability scanning status and related information. You can select the image and click the "SCAN" button to trigger the vulnerability scan process.
**NOTES: Only the users with 'Project Admin' role have the privilege to launch the analysis process.**
The analysis process may have the following status that are indicated in the 'Vulnerability' column:
* **Not Scanned:** The tag has never been scanned.
* **Queued:** The scanning task is scheduled but not executed yet.
* **Scanning:** The scanning process is in progress.
* **Error:** The scanning process failed to complete.
* **Complete:** The scanning process was successfully completed.
For the **'Not Scanned'** and **'Queued'** statuses, a text label with status information is shown. For the **'Scanning'**, a progress bar will be displayed.
If an error occurred, you can click on the **'View Log'** link to view the related logs.
If the process was successfully completed, a result bar is created. The width of the different colored sections indicates the percentage of features with vulnerabilities for a particular severity level.
* **Red:** **High** level of vulnerabilities
* **Orange:** **Medium** level of vulnerabilities
* **Yellow:** **Low** level of vulnerabilities
* **Grey:** **Unknown** level of vulnerabilities
* **Green:** **No** vulnerabilities
Move the cursor over the bar, a tooltip with summary report will be displayed. Besides showing the total number of features with vulnerabilities and the total number of features in the scanned image tag, the report also lists the counts of features with vulnerabilities of different severity levels. The completion time of the last analysis process is shown at the bottom of the tooltip.
Click on the tag name link, the detail page will be opened. Besides the information about the tag, all the vulnerabilities found in the last analysis process will be listed with the related information. You can order or filter the list by columns.
**NOTES: You can initiate the vulnerability analysis for a tag at anytime you want as long as the status is not 'Queued' or 'Scanning'.**
**Scanning all images**
In the **'Vulnerability'** tab of **'Configuration'** section under **'Administration'**, click on the **'SCAN NOW'** button to start the analysis process for all the existing images.
**NOTES: The scanning process is executed via multiple concurrent asynchronous tasks. There is no guarantee on the order of scanning or the returned results.**
To avoid frequently triggering the resource intensive scanning process, the availability of the button is restricted. It can be only triggered once in a predefined period. The next available time will be displayed besides the button.
**Scheduled Scan by Policy**
You can set policies to control the vulnerability analysis process. Currently, two options are available:
* **None:** No policy is selected.
* **Daily:** Policy is activated daily. It means an analysis job is scheduled to be executed at the specified time everyday. The scheduled job will scan all the images in Harbor.
**NOTES: Once the scheduled job is executed, the completion time of scanning all images will be updated accordingly. Please be aware that the completion time of the images may be different because the execution of analysis for each image may be carried out at different time.**
Kubernetes users can easily deploy pods with images stored in Harbor. The settings are similar to that of another private registry. There are two major issues:
1. When your Harbor instance is hosting http and the certificate is self signed. You need to modify daemon.json on each work node of your cluster, for details please refer to: https://docs.docker.com/registry/insecure/#deploy-a-plain-http-registry
2. If your pod references an image under private project, you need to create a secret with the credentials of user who has permission to pull image from this project, for details refer to: https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/pull-image-private-registry/
[Helm](https://helm.sh) is a package manager for [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io). Helm uses a packaging format called [charts](https://docs.helm.sh/developing_charts). Since version 1.6.0 Harbor is now a composite cloud-native registry which supports both container image management and Helm charts management. Access to Helm charts in Harbor is controlled by [role-based access controls (RBAC)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role-based_access_control) and is restricted by projects.
Click your project to enter the project detail page after successful logging in. The existing helm charts will be listed under the tab `Helm Charts` which is beside the image `Repositories` tab with the following information:
* Name of helm chart
* The status of the chart: Active or Deprecated
* The count of chart versions
* The created time of the chart
You can click the icon buttons on the top right to switch views between card view and list view.
#### Upload new chart
Click the `UPLOAD` button on the top left to open the chart uploading dialog. Choose the uploading chart from your filesystem. Click the `UPLOAD` button to upload it to the chart repository server.
If the chart is signed, you can choose the corresponding provenance file from your filesystem and Click the `UPLOAD` button to upload them together at once.
If the chart is successfully uploaded, it will be displayed in the chart list at once.
#### List chart versions
Clicking the chart name from the chart list will show all the available versions of that chart with the following information:
Obviously, there will be at least 1 version for each of the charts in the top chart list. Same with chart list view, you can also click the icon buttons on the top right to switch views between card view and list view.
Check the checkbox at the 1st column to select the specified chart versions:
* Click the `DELETE` button to delete all the selected chart versions from the chart repository server. Batch operation is supported.
* Click the `DOWNLOAD` button to download the chart artifact file. Batch operation is not supported.
* Click the `UPLOAD` button to upload the new chart version for the current chart
#### Adding labels to/remove labels from chart versions
Users who have system administrator, project administrator or project developer role can click the `ADD LABELS` button to add labels to or remove labels from chart versions.
#### Filtering chart versions by labels
The chart versions can be filtered by labels:
Clicking the chart version number link will open the chart version details view. You can see more details about the specified chart version here. There are three content sections:
* **Summary:**
* readme of the chart
* overall metadata like home, created timestamp and application version
* related helm commands for reference, such as `helm add repo` and `helm install` etc.
* **Dependencies:**
* list all the dependant sun charts with 'name', 'version' and 'repository' fields
* display the content from `values.yaml` file with highlight code preview
* clicking the icon buttons on the top right to switch the yaml file view to k-v value pair list view
Clicking the `DOWNLOAD` button on the top right will start the downloading process.
### Working with Helm CLI
As a helm chart repository, Harbor can work smoothly with Helm CLI. About how to install Helm CLI, please refer [install helm](https://docs.helm.sh/using_helm/#installing-helm). Run command `helm version` to make sure the version of Helm CLI is v2.9.1+.
As an alternative, you can also upload charts via the CLI. It is not supported by the native helm CLI. A plugin from the community should be installed before pushing. Run `helm plugin install` to install the `push` plugin first.
**NOTES:** `push` command does not support pushing a prov file of a signed chart yet.
#### Install charts
Before installing, make sure your helm is correctly initialized with command `helm init` and the chart index is synchronized with command `helm repo update`.
Search the chart with the keyword if you're not sure where it is:
```
helm search hello
#NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
#local/hello-helm 0.3.10 1.3 A Helm chart for Kubernetes
#myrepo/chart_repo/hello-helm 0.1.10 1.2 A Helm chart for Kubernetes
#myrepo/library/hello-helm 0.3.10 1.3 A Helm chart for Kubernetes
```
Everything is ready, install the chart to your kubernetes:
**NOTES:** The space is not freed when the images are deleted from Harbor, Garbage Collection is the task to free up the space by removing blobs from the filesystem when they are no longer referenced by a manifest.
For more information about Garbage Collection, please see [Garbage Collection](https://github.com/docker/docker.github.io/blob/master/registry/garbage-collection.md).
If you are a system admin, you can trigger garbage collection by clicking "GC Now" in the **'Garbage Collection'** tab of **'Configuration'** section under **'Administration'**.
To avoid frequently triggering the garbage collection process, the availability of the button is restricted. It can be only triggered once in one minute.
* **Daily:** Policy is activated daily. It means an analysis job is scheduled to be executed at the specified time everyday. The scheduled job will do garbage collection in Harbor.
* **Weekly:** Policy is activated weekly. It means an analysis job is scheduled to be executed at the specified time every week. The scheduled job will do garbage collection in Harbor.
Build history make it easy to see the contents of a container image, find the code which bulids an image, or locate the image for a source repository.
In Harbor portal, enter your project, select the repository, click on the link of tag name you'd like to see its build history, the detail page will be opened. Then switch to `Build History` tab, you can see the build history information.
If you are a project admin, you can create a Robot Account by clicking "New Robot Account" in the `Robot Accounts` tab of a project, and enter a name, a description and permission.
As Harbor doesn't store your account token, please make sure to copy it in the pop up dialog after creating, otherwise, there is no way to get it from Harbor.
### Configure duration of robot account
If you are a system admin, you can configure the robot account token duration in days.
Harbor integrated swagger UI from 1.8. That means all apis can be invoked through UI. Normally, user have 2 ways to navigate to API Explorer.
1. User can login harbor, and click the "API EXPLORER" button.All apis will be invoked with current user authorization.
2. User can navigate to swagger page by ip address by router "devcenter". For example: https://10.192.111.118/devcenter. After go to the page, need to click "authorize" button to give basic authentication to all apis. All apis will be invoked with the authorized user authorization.
